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We investigated the delivery of rhodamine B and Oregon Green ®-labeled paclitaxel (OGLP) in ex vivo porcine carotid artery wall (CAW) samples after heating the reagents to 50-70 C for 15 s. When the isolated CAW samples were placed in the heated uorophore solutions, the penetration depth of the hydrophobic rhodamine B increased signi cantly compared with reference solution at 37 C. The penetration depth of OGLP also tended to increase upon heating to 70 C for 15 s. We also studied the mechanism of this agent delivery enhancement by observing the inner surface structure and hydrophobicity of the CAW samples after heating. An expanded mesh structure at the inner surface of the heated CAW samples was observed upon heating above 70 C, and the mean hydrophobicity of the media layer also increased signi cantly. We hypothesize that heating at 60-70 C for 15 s enhances the delivery of uorophores to CAW samples as a result of an expanded mesh structure at the inner surface of the CAW, along with a simultaneous increase in hydrophobicity.

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To achieve carbon neutrality, we need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to net-zero at the global level by the middle of the 21st century. In September 2021, the NTT Group announced the new environmental and energy vision "NTT Green Innovation toward 2040," which formulates that the NTT Group will not only aim for carbon neutrality in 2040 but also contribute to reducing the environmental impact of society by simultaneously expanding the adoption of Innovative Optical and Wireless Network (IOWN) technologies and new information and communication technology (ICT) services. ICT can potentially contribute to reducing environmental impact in many sectors through optimizing production and consumption activities, improving energy efficiency, reducing the movement of people and goods, and so on. Therefore, ICT is expected to help us achieve a carbon neutral society. This article introduces our estimation model for analyzing the potential contribution of ICT usage to future environmental load reduction and economic growth. By covering the targeted 36 ICT services that are widely used or will spread in the near future in Japan, including those provided by NTT, this model will quantitatively analyze the environmental and economic impact of introducing these ICT services by 2030.

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