Distributed Generating (DG) units, Energy Storage Systems (ESS), Distributed Reactive Sources (DRS), and resilient loads make up the microgrid (MG), which can operate in both connected and isolated modes. Because the amount of power generated by Renewable Energy Sources (RES) such as Wind Energy Systems (WES) and Photovoltaic Energy Systems (PVES) is unpredictable, it becomes difficult for MGs planners to make judgments. In this article, the uncertainties caused by RES are resolved through the successful application of a hybrid optimization approach and the integration of hybrid DGs. The Teaching Learning Algorithm (TLA) is used in this study to determine the best site for DGs and reconfiguration, and heuristic fuzzy has been merged with TLA to handle multi-objectives such as total generation and emission cost minimization, and bus voltage deviation. In addition, the impact of replacing RES with hybrid DGs on RES performance is investigated. The ideal structures are determined by solving four different scenarios with the suggested approach, allowing DSO to make decisions with greater flexibility. The proposed technique is validated using a benchmark IEEE 33 bus system that has been converted into a microgrid. WES, PVES, and hybrid DGs are validated using a 24-hour daily load pattern with 24-hour load dispatching characteristic behaviors.

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Microgrids (MGs) are distributed generation and distribution systems that include distributed generation (DG) units, energy storage systems (ESSs), distributed reactive sources (DRSs), and resilient loads that can operate in either connected or isolated modes. When dealing with uncontrolled DGs such as Wind Energy Systems (WES) and Photovoltaic Energy Systems (PVES), MGs planners have a difficult time making decisions. The work proposed in this paper addresses three interconnected works: (i) the implementation of a rigorous hybrid optimization approach for reconfiguration and DGs placement; (ii) the performance investigation under uncertain behavior of RES-based DGs and demand; and (iii) performance enhancement realization through the replacement of hybrid DGs for RES-based DGs. An Improved Moth Flame Optimization (IMFO), which is a multi-objective optimization method, has been linked with fuzzy logic in order to handle multiple objectives in an efficient manner. These objectives include the minimization of voltage deviation, the reduction of generation cost, and the reduction of loss. The quality of the power, the amount of money saved by consumers, and the benefits to the Distribution System Operator (DSO) might all be improved with the help of a hybrid algorithm. This research is also extended to address the uncertainties of RES-based DGs by replacing hybrid DGs in the most optimal locations. IEEE 33 bus RDS is used to test radial distribution system (RDS) microgrids. For validation purposes, uses 24-hour load patterns to mimic WES and PVES’ 24-hour load dispatching behavior. The research findings clearly demonstrate the advantages of microgrids over traditional architectures. The hybrid DG requires an average generating cost of 185.33 $/kW in order to produce 100 kW of power throughout the day with significantly reduced emissions.