Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is the most common health hazard of neonates which have toxic effects on the brain and cause serious complications Nurses' apply the bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction for early detection of neurological dysfunction have decrease incidence of neurological dysfunction among neonate having hyperbilirubinemia. Aim of The study was to assess nurse's' performance regarding early detection of neurological dysfunction among neonates having hyper-bilirubinemia. Research design: descriptive study was utilized. Research settings the study was conducted in neonatal intensive care units at Benha University Hospitals and Specialized Children Hospital in Benha City. Subjects: (50) nurses who work in the previous mentioned settings and (100) neonates were selected Tools of data collection: 1 st tool Interview questionnaire sheets were used to collect the participants' characteristic data and knowledge of the studied nurse regarding hyperbilirubinemia, 2 nd tool: observational checklist about bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction tool to assess nurses' performance for early detection of neurological dysfunction. Results: The present study indicated that nurses' knowledge about bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction and application of bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction tool was unsatisfactory and there was a statistically significant difference between mean scores of nurses' skills Conclusion: It was concluded that, the highest percentage of nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge, while minority of nurses' had satisfactory score regarding early detection of neurological dysfunction among Neonates Having Hyperbilirubinemia. Recommendation: It was recommended that, neonatal intensive care units should provide training courses for nurses about hyperbilirubinemia and application of bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction tool

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is the most common neonatal emergency and the main cause of admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). It is an acute lung disease that results from surfactant deficiency correlating with structural and functional lung immaturity. Assessment of the knowledge and close observation for the performance should be done for improving the neonatal nurses' quality of care during the care of neonates with RDS. Aim of the study was to assess nurses' knowledge versus their performance in caring for neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)