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Despite the incidence of breast cancer among women, mammography and anatomopathology investigations are still the gold standard method for preventive screening and diagnosis. Several criteria are used to diagnose precisely the severity of the pathology like the distribution and shape of breast microcalcifications (BMCs). However, the link between the different chemical phases of BMCs and the cancer stage remains unclear. As BMCs physicochemical speciation has the potential to help clinicians during their diagnosis, this study aims to propose a methodology using advanced spectroscopical analysis techniques to finely characterize BMCs and uncover the relationship between

We report the case of a 12-year-old girl, who consulted us with one-year history of an 8 mm nose lesion that was painless and firm upon palpation. The lesion was resected conservatively. Immunohistochemistry was in favor of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)/Ewing's sarcoma lesion, excluding epithelial, lymphoid, and other tumors. After a second resection, our patient was referred to chemotherapy and has already undergone 9 cycles out of 14. The patient is to date with no evidence of persistent or recurrent disease. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a PNET arising in the nose.

Introduction Limbic encephalitis is an autoimmune neurologic disorder, often of paraneoplastic origin, that seldom complicates prostatic tumors. The nonspecificity of symptoms makes the diagnosis sometimes difficult to establish. Prognosis is essentially determined by comorbidities and sensorineural and cognitive sequelae. Clinical case A 66-year-old Caucasian patient known to have prostatic small-cell neuroendocrine adenocarcinoma under hormonal therapy developed complex partial epileptic seizures associated with rapidly aggravating severe memory impairment. The tripod of autoimmune limbic encephalitis diagnosis was based on the clinical aspect of brain’s functional deterioration, electroencephalography aspect, and γ-aminobutyric acid type B anti-receptor antibody positivity. Clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic management as well as evolutionary risks were further analyzed. Conclusion Limbic encephalitis is an extremely rare presentation of neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes. A better knowledge of this entity would help better manage diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties and reduce the risk of possible sequelae.

Endonasal surgery of the cranial base requires extensive training in anatomy and endoscopic techniques. A training model for simulation of endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses and cranial base was developed that 1) replicates the surgical experience and 2) provides a measurable learning curve. METHOD: The anatomical model is generated from CT data and has bone generated from a 3D printer and silicone applied to recreate nasal soft tissue. Design requirements were surgical simulation with real surgical instruments and the objective detection of injured structures at risk (orbit, dura, internal carotid artery, and optic nerve). RESULTS: Using this teaching model, it is possible to demonstrate a learning curve and track the progress of a surgeon (duration of surgery, number and location of injuries). Anatomical and pathological variations can be introduced to provide a varied surgical experience. CONCLUSION: This model replicates the surgical experience and allows the surgeon to monitor the learning curve. The use of actual surgical instruments provides realistic haptic feedback. Future trials will demonstrate the contribution of surgical simulation on surgical proficiency in the operating room.