The optical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and PVC/Zinc Oxide (ZnO) films were considered with different amounts of ZnONPs (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004 and 0.005) g. Using a Tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution all films be prepared by casting method. XRD results showed the amorphous structure of PVC film and Hexagonal crystalline structure of ZnO NPs, PVC/ZnO nanocomposites appear as pattern of PVC films so the peaks of ZnO don’t appear in it. FESEM image of PVC, ZnO and structure of PVC/ZnO nanocomposites seems to have cluster aggregates in different size. FTIR spectra revealed that ZnONPs had no effect on the polymer structure as there are no covalent bonds between PVC and ZnO NPs. Increasing the amounts of ZnONPs was seen to improve the optical properties (Absorbance, absorption coefficient and extinction coefficient) for PVC polymer. PVC polymer transmittance and energy gap decreased from 5.25 eV to 4.98 eV with increasing the amounts of ZnO NPs in nanocomposites. The solar radiation intensity in Baghdad was measured at a rate of 1 hour for the pure PVC films and PVC/ZnONPs for seven consecutive days in a rate from 6 A.M. to 6 P.M. (13 h). As can be observed, all films have the same ratio of transmitted radiation strength to sunlight intensity for all hours and days.

The blending technology makes it possible to rebuild high molecular weights of partial polymers, thus to improve the product performance together with improvement of specific properties. Pure Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) film and CMC (80%) doped Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) (20%) films were prepared by using a solution casting method. The influence of PAA polymer addition on the structural and optical properties of CMC polymer was investigated systematically. From X-ray diffraction patterns, adding a polymer PAA to a polymer CMC can lead to the appearance of peaks in polymer blend. FESEM image for CMC/ PAA film showed the formation of small spherical grains for PAA into CMC that insured the existence of some peaks in XRD pattern of PAA in CMC film which means the improvement of the microstructure of the polymer matrix. No chemical interactions were observed between CMC and PAA polymers from results of FTIR spectrum, so that incorporation of PAA into CMC polymer will results physical reaction only. The results of the UV spectrum have shown that the absorbance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary dielectric constants were increased in blend polymer compared with the pure polymer. The energy gap and transmittance of blend polymer compared with the pure polymer were reduced.

Energy transfer in a hybrid mixture of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) dye laser as a donor and nanoparticles (NPs) as an acceptor were studied. The absorption spectra of 1×10-5M of Rh6G in Distilled Water show increase in the intensity when adding NPs. noticeable, improve the spectra when adding Aluminum Oxide Al2O3 NPs. Adding NPs quench the fluorescence spectra of Rh6G due to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The efficiency of energy transfer increase with increasing concentration of NPs. Best value of efficiency of energy transfer found in Rh6G/ Magnesium Oxide MgO NPs. Strong relationship was in Rh6G/ Al2O3 NPs.