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This research was conducted to study the genetic relationship between eleven quantitative traits of 95 Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes. The experiment material was evaluated in paired rows of 4 m length at Research Area of Oilseeds Section, Department of Genetics and plant breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during Rabi, 2017-18. All the recommended package of practices was followed to raise the healthy crop. Maximum variation was observed for seed yield per plant followed by the number of secondary branches per plant, the number of primary branches per plant, 1000-seed weight and the number of siliqua on main shoot. Correlation studies revealed that seed yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with plant height, the number of primary and secondary branches per plant, and the number of siliqua on main shoot length. Selection based on these traits would ultimately improve seed yield. Four ideal genotypes viz., DRMRIJ-14-261, DRMRIJ-15-52, DRMRIJ-15-148 and M 5 were identified for the traits such as medium maturity, the number of primary branches per plant, the number of seeds per siliqua and 1000-seed weight in this study. These genotypes can be used as source lines in breeding programme for obtaining desirable segregates. Keywords Descriptive statistics, genetic relationship and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.

Background: Rapeseed-mustard is one of the most important oilseed crops in India, however, its genetic diversity is barely known. A better understanding on this topic is essential for the proper utilization of genotypes in crop improvement. Methods: Present study was carried out to determine the genetic diversity among 95 diverse genotypes of Brassica juncea (L.) in paired rows of 4 m length with a spacing of 30 x 10-15 cm (row × plant). Data were recorded on 11 different agro-morphological characters. Result: All the 95 genotypes were grouped into five distinct clusters based on Manhattan dissimilarity coefficients. Amongst the five clusters, cluster V and IV had the maximum number of genotypes (35 and 23 genotypes respectively) and cluster II with least number of genotypes (three). The Manhattan dissimilarity coefficients ranged from 0.741 to 8.299. Based on the genetic dissimilarity matrix, the maximum dissimilarity (8.299) was observed between the genotypes, DRMRIJ-15-133 and M 62. Cluster III recorded for medium plant height with medium early maturity and cluster I, had maximum mean values for most of the agro-morphological traits. The present work indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among genotypes, which can be used in future breeding programmes for developing mustard cultivars and germplasm management purposes.

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