The objective of the present work to prepare Rutin-phospholipid complex (RPC), a phytoformulation and characterization, evaluation for its antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic model. Prepared RPC was characterized and screened for antidiabetic activity by OGTT in normoglycemic and diabetic rats for RT and RPC at different time intervals. Effect of RT and RPC (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w. p.o. respectively) in STZ induced diabetic rats for one day and fifteen days was studied. This is followed by estimation of Estimation of SG, and lipid parameters. Histopathology studies of pancreatic tissue and bioavailability studies of RT & RPC were also carried out. SEM data showed that RPC has irregular size vesicles consisting of phosphatidylcholine. RPC showed a single endothermal peak at 147.68°C in DSC studies. OH group has shifted to lower frequency in phytosome compared to rutin phospholipid in FTIR spectra. Treatment with RPC (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels and restored the altered lipid parameters as compared to RT. Histopathological studies revealed that RPC also restored back the size of pancreatic islets and maintained the normal β-cells. A higher serum concentration of RT (13.20 µg/mL) in RPC treated group was observed in bioavailability studies as compared to RT. RPC maintained effective concentration of rutin for a longer period in rat serum.

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Ayurveda promises, a disease free, happy and long life. Among the eight branches of Ayurveda, each branch consists of enormous knowledge from basic concepts up to critical health care strategies. Shalya tantra a prime branch in Astanga Ayurveda is the rich in many aspects of modern surgical concepts. This branch has immense potential to belt the solution of many challenging and unresolved complicated surgical ailments. Acharya Sushruta the pioneer in the field of surgery described four principles therapeutic types in the management of Arshas i.e., Bheshaja, Kshara karma, Agni Karma and Shastra Karma.  Ayurvedic approach especially Kshara Karma stood for better than modern therapeutic option in terms of safety, easy, low cost, devoid of post operative complications and can be done as OPD procedure with minimal set up. Nimba pratisaraneeya kshara has been mentioned throughout the classical literature for Arsha, described as an Upakrama and is substitute for surgical procedure. Nimba pratisaraneeya teekshna kshara which is having antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties and is specially told by Acharya Sushruta. It can be successfully used in the management of Ardra Arshas without any post operative complications. Pratisaraneeya kshara is external application of Kshara whereas internal use of Kshara is known as Paniya kshara. Acharya Dalhana the commentator of Sushruta explained that the substance which produces Shodhana of bodily Dosha, Dhatu, Maladi because of its Ksharana action is called Kshara. It is known as Kshara (alkali) also because of its corrosive nature (Ksharana) Kshara is having benefits like Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana, Shodhana and Ropana properties with early hemostasis and total eradication of infection, so that it reduces recurrence, helps for the wound healing and also  the duration of treatment is less. Though many researchers have been carried on Nimba till date, this review is done to highlight the significance of Kshara property in Nimba along with its therapeutic use

The word ‘Kshara’ can be derived from either of the two roots, Ksarana or Kshanana. Ksharana means to dislodge, to melt away and Kshanana means to kill or to destroy. The literal meaning of the word ‘Kshara’ is the substance which is corrosive, caustic, pungent, saline and acrid in its properties. This Kshara Kalpana is known to have a wide scope in Shalya Tantra branch of Ayurveda. Because of this wider scope many research works are at present undertaken in order to treat many ailments and avoid few surgical procedures. Apamarga Kshara is mainly used in practice and many experiments are already done on the same, in order to study the properties and effects of other drugs or Ksharas, one such drug is chosen here i.e., Kutaja. Ksharas are superior to Shastras, Anushastras, because of their capability to perform Chedana (excision), Bhedana (incision), and Lekhana (scraping). It alleviates all the three Doshas. Ksharas can be used where Shastra Chikitsa is contra-indicated or where instruments cannot be used i.e., Marmasthana, for women, children or on those who are afraid of surgery. Acharya Susruta, while describing the process of Kshara extraction has mentioned 23 drugs and Kutaja is first and foremost drug. There are no direct references of properties and extraction of Kutaja Kshara in classics and other compilation done on the same were also not found while searching through internet. Present paper throws light on the complete description of Kutaja as a Kshara and preparation of Kshara Sutra mentioned in different texts of Ayurveda.