This cross sectional study was carried out on 60 pregnant Bangladeshi women in the department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM for measurement of Pulsatility Index (PI) of umbilical artery of their fetuses by duplex colour Doppler sonography during 2 nd and 3 rd trimester of pregnancies. Considering total 2nd and 3rd trimesters the mean PI value of umbilical artery was 1.24 (SD±0.27). While considering the gestational in separate trimesters, study showed that the value of PI in 2 nd trimester was 1.33 (SD±0.29) and in 3 rd trimester PI was 1.18 (SD±0.25). Paired t test shows there was a highly significant (t=35.79, df=59, Level of significance=0.001) difference between mean values of PI in different gestational ages. It was observed that there was gradual decrease of PI value with increase of gestational age (r= -0.207) but this decrease of PI was not statistically significant (p=0.113). Regression analysis between dependent PI value and independent gestational age showed linear negative relationship but this was not statistically significant (p=0.11). This study revealed that the Pulsatility index of umbilical artery was decreased with increase of gestational age from 2 nd to 3 rd trimester.

A 42-year-old female patient presented with loss of vision and proptosis of her right eye. Computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed hyperostotic lesion involving the right sphenoid ridge, anterior clinoid process and roof and lateral wall of orbit with mass effect on the intraorbital contents. CT findings were suggestive of intra-osseous meningioma arising from right sphenoid bone. Later, MRI of the brain and orbit and histopathology of the lesion confirmed the case as an intra-osseous meningioma of the sphenoid bone. Though meningioma of tuberculum sella and primary calvarial meningioma were reported earlier, intraosseous meningioma of the sphenoid bone is rare.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2012; 6(2): 73-75

Background: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal condition and high frequency ultrasonography is an accurate non-invasive imaging technique for evaluating patients with painful shoulder. This study was designed to determine the ultrasonographic findings in patients with shoulder pain and to compare the clinical diagnosis established by physical examination to high frequency ultrasonographic findings. Methods: Thirty patients with shoulder pain were included in the study between the period from December 2017 to April 2018 in BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All had a physical examination performed by a physician. Ultrasonographic examination was carried out within three days of the physical examination by two sinologists, who had no knowledge of the clinical findings. Results: Total patients were 30 with mean age 52.20±7.52 years and male female ratio 2:3. On examination out of these thirty patients, impingement syndrome was positive in 93.3% (Neer) and 76.7% (Hawkin), supraspinatus tendinitis in 83.3% (Jobe’s), biceps tendinitis in 30.0% (Yergason’s test) and 33.3% (Speed’s maneuver), subscapularis tendinitis in 3.3% (Gerbers lift off test) patients. Sonographic alteration was found in a total of 28 (93.33%) patients. Forty five pathologies were detected; 46.67% patients had single pathology, 40% had two and 6.67% had three pathologies. The structure most frequently involved was the supraspinatus tendon (35.50%). The long head of biceps tendon (17.78%) and the acromioclavicular joint (26.67%) were also frequently involved. Infraspinatus tendinopathy, subscapularis tendinopathy and subcaromial bursitis were present in small percentage. Significant difference was found between clinical examination and ultrasound findings. Conclusion: Ultrasonography may be a useful tool to improve diagnosis in painful shoulder. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(3): 218-222

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH), focal and/or diffuse areas of hyperintense signals on T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are the most common incidental finding in elderly patients. However, their clinical significance is usually overlooked. We aimed to find out the correlation between the degree of cerebral WMH in MRI with the mental status of elderly patients, assessed by Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for two years on eighty eligible elderly patients (> 60 years) referred to the Department of Radiology and Imaging for MRI of the brain. Demographic variables like age and sex, MMSE score, and MRI variables like location and number of WMHs were studied. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to calculate the correlation between the extent of periventricular WMHs and MMSE score. Results: A significant negative correlation (r = -0.78; p < 0.001) was found between decreased MMSE and the extent of periventricular WMH. A significant negative correlation was also found when periventricular hyperintensities were evaluated individually for frontal caps (r = -0.68; p < 0.0001), band opacities (r = -0.55; p<0.0001) and occipital cap (r = -0.59; p < 0.0001). However, subcortical WMH was not significantly corelated with MMSE score (r = +0.018, p = 0.0897). Conclusion: A significant negative correlation exists between the extent of periventricular WMH seen at brain MRI with cognitive decline in elderly subjects. However, no such correlation exists between subcortical WMH and mental status.

Title: Role of computed tomography in the evaluation of severity of acute pancreatitis.Introduction: Early diagnosis and determination of severity of acute pancreatitis is important for management and it depends largely on severity of disease. Medical treatment of mild acute pancreatitis includes conservative management while severe acute pancreatitis requires intensive care to surgical intervention (open or minimally invasive) in selected cases.Methodology: This prospective study was carried out to find out the correlation between modified CT severity index and patient's clinical outcome in acute pancreatitis enrolling 96 subjects in the department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM during two years time period. Severity of acute pancreatitis was assessed by both clinical and imaging staging (Modified CT severity index) in mild, moderate and severe groups.Result: Mean age ( ± SD) of the study subjects was 35.48 ± 14.59 years and number of male was 60 (62.50%) and female was 36 (37.50%). Acute pancreatitis was associated with hypertriglyceridemia (19.79%), gall stone (12.5%), post ERCP (6.25%) and alcoholism (2.08%). Aetiology was unidentified in 59.73% subjects. Majority of the subjects with acute pancreatitis presented with abdominal pain, fever (20.08%), vomiting (54.41%) and oedema (25%). On imaging, diffuse pancreatic enlargement was noted in 29.16% subjects. Pancreatic inflammation with and without peripancreatic fat involvement were observed in 27.08% and 72.91% subjects respectively. Pseudocyst formation (13.54%), ascites (30.20%), renal fascia involvement (46.87%) and pleural effusion (37.5%) were seen in CT scan. Severity of acute pancreatitis was evaluated by clinical findings and CT severity index and the measure of agreement between clinical and imaging staging was almost perfect. CT severity index in acute pancreatitis had statically significant relation with clinical outcome (0.573), organ failure (0.674), need for surgical intervention (0.463) and hospital stay (0.235).Conclusion: Modified CT severity index in acute pancreatitis correlates with patient outcome. During reporting if this simple scoring system is applied then we can easily measure the severity and determine whether patient need medical or surgical intervention.KYAMC Journal Vol. 7, No.-2, Jan 2017, Page 738-744