Context: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), being more prevalent in infants and children, is recognized by a triad of acute kidney injury, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. It is classified according to the underlying disorders, such as infection, systemic, metabolic disorder, or complement dysregulation. It has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Many types of treatment, such as conservative management, plasma exchange, regular plasma infusion, and even a new expensive medication, "Ecluzimab", have been suggested. The aim of this systematic review is to estimate the incidence and prevalence of HUS (according to diarrhea positive or negative samples). In addition, the study will investigate the clinical presentation and the outcome of Iranian patients. Evidence Acquisition: The following data bases will be explored for articles published between years 1985 and 2016, PubMed, EM-BASE, OVID, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Google, barakatkns.com, MagIran, SID, dociran, PDFiran, and ganj.irandoc. Besides, all online university databases will be searched for theses and abstracts of local or international congresses; a manual search will be performed to identify pertinent cross references. Systematic review or meta-analysis, longitudinal and cohort studies, crosssectional, case-control, and epidemiological studies will be included in this review. Relevant conference proceedings, theses or unpublished data will also be considered. The retrieved data should comprise of proportions, incidence, prevalence, geographical distribution, mortality and morbidity rates (i.e. dialysis and central nervous system involvement). A meta-analysis will be performed if 3 similar studies are found. If sufficient data is extracted, subgroup analysis will be performed for age, gender, acute kidney injury, dialysis, and death. Results:The results of the current study could have implications for health policies, practice, research, and medical education: The data could improve clinical and health care decisions, allow estimation of the number of patients that require new medication, and could direct future research design in this field.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and primary dysmenorrhea are common gynecological problems and inflammation may have a role in their etiology. Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural product for which there is increasing evidence of anti‐inflammatory and iron chelation effects. This study assessed the effects of curcumin on inflammatory biomarkers and iron profile in young women with PMS and dysmenorrhea. A sample of 76 patients was included in this triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated to curcumin (n = 38) and control groups (n = 38). Each participant received one capsule (500 mg of curcuminoid+ piperine, or placebo) daily, from 7 days before until 3 days after menstruation for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Serum iron, ferritin, total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), as well as white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet counts, mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), were quantified. Neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet: lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and RDW: platelet ratio (RPR) were also calculated. Curcumin significantly decreased the median (interquartile range) serum levels of hsCRP [from 0.30 mg/L (0.0–1.10) to 0.20 mg/L (0.0–1.3); p = 0.041] compared with placebo, but did not show any difference for neutrophil, RDW, MPV, NLR, PLR and RPR values (p > 0.05). The treatment schedule was well‐tolerated, and none of markers of iron metabolism statistically changed after the intervention in the curcumin group (p > 0.05). Curcumin supplementation may have positive effects on serum hsCRP, a marker of inflammation, with no any changes on iron homeostasis in healthy women with PMS and dysmenorrhea.

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