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In this review, we discuss Nanotechnology models, which have been developed recently in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology manipulates matter at the atomic and molecular scale to create materials with new and advanced properties. Nano‐biotechnology consists of the branches of nanotechnology that have been applied in biology (molecular and cellular genetics) and biotechnology. Nano‐biotechnology allows us to put components and compounds into cells and build new materials using new methods like assembly. Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. Its therapeutic methods include chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, but the effects of these techniques are not only on tumor tissue and may affect healthy tissues. Nano‐Biotech applications regarding cancer include drug delivery, treatment, and foresight therapy. This review article aims to obtain a proper mentality of the current technologies of Nano‐biotechnology for cancer treatment.

-Mitotic chromosome numbers are reported for fourteen populations of Tanactum polycephalum Schultz Bip. (L.) collected from west of Iran. In T. polycephalum, chromosome numbers were varied from 2n= 2x=18 to 2n=6x= 54. One diploid population (2n=2x=18) and two populations with both diploid and tetraploid chromosome numbers (2n=2x=18 and 36) were identifi ed. Five populations with chromosome number (2n=4x=36) and a population with two different chromosome numbers (2n=4x=36 and 54) were found for the fi rst time. In this species, four populations with hexaploidy (2n=6x=54) were detected for the fi rst time. Results indicate that polyploidy is confi rmed as the most signifi cant evolutionary trend in chromosome number within this species. This species is also a problemic and polymorph taxnon and our results indicate that its polyploidy can be regarded as the reason.