Aim: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the incidence of thyroid gland diseases in relation to age, sex, existing associated symptoms and thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, in correlation with morphological characteristics and corresponding clinical diagnosis for thyroid gland. Methods: Retrospective research was conducted in the period 1-Dec-2017 to 31-Dec-2017 and included a total of 500 subjects of both sexes aged 1 to 80 years. All subjects had clinical examination, which included anamnestic data, palpatory examination of thyroid gland, as well as functional status of thyroid gland. Results: The results of the research have shown that majority of subjects were females (78.6% vs. 21.4%). The largest number of subjects was in the age group 41 to 60 years. The average age of females was 43.22 years and 42.86 for males. The most common associated symptom for both sexes was related to cardiovascular system disorder (61.2%). Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most prevalent thyroid gland disease (12.8%), while diffuse enlargement of thyroid gland (4.60 %) was the most common in morphological classification. The mean value for free thyroxine for the overall sample was 14.39 pmol/L and 3,4 mlU/L for thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were highest in the age group 41-60 years (p=0.043). Conclusion: The overall incidence of thyroid gland diseases was 18.57% for females and 13.08% for males. Free thyroxine levels were highest in thyroid gland with nodular changes and subclinical hypothyroidism (p=0.0001). Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels had the highest value in a thyroid gland with diffuse changes and subclinical hypothyroidism (p=0.0001).

No abstract

Introduction:Hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder with potential complications of bone, renal, neurocognitive and cardiovascular system.Aim:To determine the correlation between the size of parathyroid glands and parathormone values in the patients with hyperparathyroidism.Methods:We analyzed a retrospective-prospective database of 79 consecutive patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism at our institution between January 2011 and February 2018. The values of parathormone, calcium and phosphorus were determined in all patients before and after surgery. Ultrasonography were performed before surgery. Imaging results were confirmed by pathology. We analyzed the correlation between the sizes parathyroid glands obtained trough ultrasonography and pathology with parathormone values.Results:The median age of the patients were 51 age (range 20-73) and 67,1% of the patients were female. Our study demonstrated that between actual glands sizes (volumes), expresses in millimeters, measured on pathohistological analysis and ultrasound examination and size value of parathormone its increased value does not affect the size of the gland. We investigate the correlation between the size of glands measured according to the pathohistological finding and the value of parathormone we obtained the correlation results close to the statistical features. The correlation value of parathormone and glands sizes according to the pathohistological finding measured trough the determined assessment scale we determined the statistically important of medium value.Conclusion:One of the important factors for parathyroidectomy is the value of parathormone. Serum parathormone level might be predictable by a total size of parathyroid glands and could be an effective the predictor of gland localisation.

Introduction: Pathology of thyroid nodules is present in all ages and it is frequently encountered in clinical practice. Thyroid nodules do not represent a single disease, but they are the clinical manifestation of a wide range of different thyroid diseases. Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency and localization of malignancy in solitary scintigraphic cold nodules, as well as the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAB in comparison with histopathological findings. Methods: The study was included 49 patients with palpatory findings of the solitary nodule located in the both lobes or isthmus of thyroid gland. All subjects underwent the scintigraphy and FNAB, followed by a cytologic results that was compared to the final histopathological diagnosis, after surgery. Results: The study results show that the highest number of solitary nodules (81,6%) is localized in the lower pole of the both lobes of the thyroid gland. The cytologic results were benign 8 cases, malignant in 23 and indeterminate (follicular neoplasm) in 18 cases. The highest number of thyroid cancer is histopathologically confirmed in the patients with cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasms, i.e. follicular cancer is found in 66.7% and papillary cancer is found in 33.3% of subjects. The most common cancer is papillary cancer found in 61,2%. Since the pathohistological diagnosis of all our patients responded to cancer, it was done indirect statistical evaluation of the diagnostic sensitivity of cytological method in the estimation of malignant thyroid lesion, which was 83,7%. Conclusion: FNAB is a highly sensitive method in the diagnostics of malignant thyroid lesions with the sensitivity Se=83,7%. The highest number of thyroid cancer is histopathologically confirmed in the patients with cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm (66.7%). The highest number of patients had a cytological diagnosis of papillary cancer.

No abstract