Sleep paralysis occurs in normal persons. This phenomenon had been studied psychoanalytically or in terms of the deviation of the victims' personality. This present study aimed to assess the personalities of such persons by using the MMPI and the Maudsley Personality Inventory. The subjects showed a slightly higher mean T score on the MMPI Paranoia Scale than those who did not have this experience. Although this personality difference might be related to the occurrence of the phenomenon, this difference is probably too small to take a major role. It is unlikely that the subjects developed paranoic behavior through their experiences of sleep paralysis, since their experiences were very few. Some of the subjects might have only overestimated their behavior and experiences concerning delusions and hallucinations, with the result that their Paranoia scores were higher and perhaps their kanashibari experiences exaggerated.

Since very low bioavailability of the drug had been observed, the possibility of degradation of nicardipine in the presence of faecal flora was investigated.After the addition of nicardipine to sterilized broth, 1% or 8% sterilized stool culture without further anaerobic precautions, the drug did not degrade in the incubation mixture.This indicates that the drug did not react with the components of broth and stool cultures and was stable. On the other hand, after the addition of the drug to 1% or 8% human faecal contents in a broth, the drug disappeared rapidly in the incubation mixture depending on stool concentrations.The metabolite was identified to be aminonicardipine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The disappearance of nicardipine and the appearance of a metabolite, aminonicardipine in the incubation mixture were followed by HPLC and TLC.

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The bioavailability of 2 kinds of digoxin tablets (0.25mg) on the Japanese market was compared. Two tablets were given daily in empty stomach to 3 each of healthy men and women. Serum levels of digoxin were measured by radioimmunoassay before and 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after the administration.In vitro tests were performed to determine the weight variation, hardness, content, disintegration time and dissolution time of the tablets. As a result, some differences in the test items were found although they might be caused by additives in the tablets.There was no statistically significant difference in the serum level among the products because of the fact that the difference among the human subjects was larger than that among the products. Therefore, it can be said on the basis of the in vitro and in vivo tests that the two products are interchangeable.But the blood level of digoxin should occasionally be determined in patients under this therapy because of individual difference in bioavilability.

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