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Elaboration of a new method of teaching spatial orientation to blind and visually handicapped persons base on urban environment sounds was shown. Task 1 is a questionnaire inquiry on the problems of the blind moving in a big city. In Task 2 a preliminary selection and classication of the acoustic signals and vibrations that can be useful for spatial orientation was made. In Task 3 an analysis of acoustic signals for sound signalisation at pedestrian crossings was made. Some solutions for acoustic signalization were proposed. In Task 4 sounds and vibrations necessary for a library of acoustic events and situations characteristic of a city were recorded. In Task 5 the library was created and arranged to be ready to be used by teachers in the spatial orientation training. The most important outcome of the study was to develop a method of spatial orientation teaching with employment of sounds and verication of the method (Task 6). After verication it is concluded that the method is useful for spatial education of the blind at dierent levels of their education.

One of the most important aspects in the operation of rail vehicles is the implementation of transport while ensuring safety and comfort of passengers. Technical condition of the wheel rolling surfaces has a direct impact on these factors. These elements are subject to wear and tear in a continuous and discrete form. One of the discrete wear forms is the wheel-flat on wheel rolling surfaces that generate impulse noise. This translates into a significant deterioration of vibroacoustic comfort, and in extreme cases also to a greater risk associated with e.g. derailment of the vehicle. Therefore, it is desirable in particular by the rolling stock operator to carry out cyclic diagnostics and monitoring of the condition of wheel rolling surfaces. This paper is a continuation in a series of research articles carried out by the authors related to vibroacoustic diagnostics of wheel rolling surfaces in light rail vehicles. As part of this article, acoustic measurements were carried out at a dedicated track-side system during so-called pass-by tests. Acoustic signals were analyzed in accordance with the Fourier and Hilbert transforms. Additionally, the main assumptions of vibroacoustic diagnostics and analyses of point measures were used. This allowed for the development of yet another way of monitoring the occurrence of the problem of wheel flats in rail vehicles.

The work presents the concept of a freight tram and examples of trams used in European cities. The concept of a freight tram in Poznań and the Municipal Integrated Logistics Center that manages the delivery of goods to customers has been presented. The use of a freight tram in urban logistics requires from the city carrier a detailed plan for the delivery of cargo from shippers to recipients, in order to eliminate congestion in the tram network. The establishment of the Integrated Logistics Center gives you the opportunity to create a coherent system of goods distribution and transport traffic control in the city. Some selected patterns of transshipment of goods using, among others, railway terminals are presented.

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