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BackgroundTehran is the capital of Iran with an increasing multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence. A retrospective population-based study was conducted to evaluate the trends of MS prevalence in Tehran.MethodsA population-based survey was conducted for the period 1999 to 2015, based on Iranian MS Society (IMSS) registry system of Tehran, the capital city of Iran. Point regression analysis was applied on MS trend data to find annual percent change (APC).The logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for individual variables in order to assess factors associating with familial recurrence of MS. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsMS prevalence has significantly increased during the study period from 1999 to 2015 (56.22 per 100,000). Total point prevalence of MS was 115.94 per 100,000 persons in 2015 compared to general population. Positive family history of MS was observed among 12.4% of patients. The strongest association amongst first-degree relatives was found in siblings, p value ≤ 0.001.ConclusionMS prevalence is rising in Tehran and this city is one of the regions with highest MS prevalence in Asia. In this sample, the largest proportion of relatives with MS were found among first-degree relatives, particularly siblings. Familial recurrence correlated with relative type.

Aims: A number of studies have examined the association between the serum levels of omentin and diabetes, but the findings have been inconclusive. Herein, we systematically reviewed available observational studies to elucidate the overall relationship between omentin and diabetes, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) among adolescent and adult population. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane's Library, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched for all available literature until January 2019 for studies assessing the association between omentin and diabetes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess the quality of each study. Results: A total of 28 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant association between serum omentin and diabetes (WMD−1.68; 95% CI, −2.17 to −1.19; P<0.001). The result of our subgroup analysis based on participants' health status revealed that omentin was significantly lower in T2DM and IGT subjects but not in T1DM ones compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: We found that serum omentin level is significantly lower in T2DM and IGT patients but not in T1DM ones. These data could be used by clinicians for early diagnosis and management of diabetes. Furthermore, we need more clinical trials to investigate new agents which could influence omentin levels.