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A case with esophageal anisakiasis accompanied by reflux esophagitis is described. A 38-year-old manvisited our hospital with complaints of heartburn and disturbance of food passage about seven hours after eating raw cuttlefish. The first esophagogastroscopy revealed an anisakis larva invading the squamocolumnar junction. Near the anisakis larva, a whitish exudate was demonstrated in the distal esophagus just proximal to the squamocolumnar junction. An anisakis larva was easily extracted from the esophagus by forceps. Reflux esophagitis with whitish exudative mucosal lesions and an area of linear erythema more than 5mmlong were noted endoscopically 8 weeks after treatment with lansoprazole and cisapride. After six months the third endoscopic examination clarified that there was neither exudate nor erythema in the distal esophagus. Judging from the clinical course that he complained of newly experienced heartburn about seven hours after eating law cuttlefish, and that whitish exudative mucosal lesions and an area of linear erythema did not disappear at three months after extraction of the anisakis larva. It was concluded that an anisakis larva enters the stomach first and then returns to the esophagus by gastroesophageal reflux. (Internal Medicine 36: 890-893, 1997)

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