Layered perovskite SrGdNi
x
Mn1–x
O4±δ phases were evaluated
as new ceramic anode materials for use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) analysis
of the SrGdNi
x
Mn1–x
O4±δ (x =
0.2, 0.5, and 0.8) materials revealed that significant exsolution
of Ni nanoparticles occurred in SrGdNi0.2Mn0.8O4±δ (SGNM28) in H2 at over 650
°C. Consistently, the SGNM28 on the LSGM electrolyte showed low
electrode polarization resistance (1.79 Ω cm2) in
H2 at 800 °C. Moreover, after 10 redox cycles at 750
°C, the electrode area specific resistance of the SGNM28 anode
in H2 increased only 0.027 Ω·cm2 per
cycle (1.78% degradation rate), indicating excellent redox stability
in both reducing and oxidizing atmospheres. An LSGM-electrolyte-supported
SOFC employing an SGNM28-Gd-doped ceria anode yielded a maximum power
density of 1.26 W cm–2 at 850 °C, which is
the best performance among the SOFCs with Ruddlesden–Popper-based
ceramic anodes to date. After performance measurement, we observed
that metallic Ni nanoparticles (∼ 25 nm) were grown in situ
and homogeneously distributed on the SGNM28 anode surface. These exsolved
nanocatalysts are believed to significantly enhance the hydrogen oxidation
activity of the SGNM28 material. These results demonstrate that the
SGNM28 material is promising as a high catalytically active and redox-stable
anode for SOFCs.
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