Present study was conducted to analyze the histopathological changes associated with the gallbladder disorders in order to ascertain the incidence, prevalence, distribution as well as the histomorphologic spectrum of gall bladder lesions. Materials and methods A 5 years (from January 2004 to December 2008) retrospective and prospective analysis of 1096 cholecystectomy specimen received in surgical pathology department was done. Cholecystectomies received were opened longitudinally, examined for gross features like

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Echinococcosis (hydatid disease) is caused by the cestode parasite belonging to genus Echinococcus (tapeworm). It is found frequently in rural areas where domestic livestock-raising is common. Globally, it is endemic in Middle East, Africa, South America, New Zealand, Australia, Turkey and Southern Europe including India. Even though echinococcosis can occur in any organ, it is very rare to see the disease at the sites reported in this article. Even at common sites, the way of presentation might be unusual causing diagnostic dilemma. Hence, current study was undertaken to evaluate the different unusual presentations of echinococcosis and to emphasise that it should be suspected in cystic lesions, especially in endemic areas. A series of six cases of echinococcosis over the period of three years (January 2017-December 2019) has been reported here. The correlation of clinical features, radiological with intraoperative findings (frozen section) wherever available and confirmatory diagnosis given on histopathology was attempted. All six cases which were suspected as neoplasm based on clinical and radiological findings turned out to be echinococcosis on cytopathology and histopathology. The sites involved were breast, brain, ovary, lung single case each followed by two cases in liver. Multisystem involvement was seen in only one case. Thus, the study conclude that echinococcosis can mimic cystic neoplasm clinico-radiologically and hence, should be considered as a differential diagnosis of cystic lesions irrespective of its endemicity, site and clinical presentation.

Lymphangiomas of breast are rare with only a few cases being reported so far. Among these secondary lymphangioma have been reported but cases of primary lymphangioma are even rarer. Due to its proclivity to mimic malignancy clinically, its accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in management of these patients. This is a unique case where cytology suggested a diagnosis of vascular malformation ruling out malignancy, thus avoiding unnecessary surgical exploration along with untoward effects of chemo/radiotherapy. The histopathology revealed diagnosis of lymphangioma circumscriptum of breast

Acute renal cortical necrosis (RCN) most commonly occurs from obstetric complications. However other rare cause includes medications like antifibrinolytics like tranexamic acid, which is used for acute bleeding. We report a case of 17 years female, operated for left cheek arteriovenous malformation and managed post-operatively by intravenous fluids, diuretics, antibiotics and antifibrinolytics (tranexemic acid). Postoperatively she started complaining of severe abdominal pain, breathlessness, weakness and loss of orientation with increasing levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Patient succumbed to death on day 6 post operative and complete autopsy was performed. All organs were unremarkable except bilateral lungs showed pulmonary edema and bilateral kidneys showed features of diffuse pattern of cortical necrosis both on gross and histopathological examination. As patient had no obstetric or other related history the cause of RCN was attributed to tranexemic acid. Thus patients on antifibrinolytics must be screened for RCN to avoid its fatal complication.