Objective:The objective of the study is to identify the risk and protective factors associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in inhabitants of Yucatan. Methods: Case control study. A questionnaire with the main risk and protective factors for PD described in the literature was applied to cases and controls. Results: The sample consisted of 85 cases and 124 controls. In the univariate logistic regression analyzes, it was found that the following factors were significantly associated with a higher risk of developing PD: family history of PD (OR = 5.28, p = 0.001), personal history of diabetes (OR = 2.35, p = 0.01), the number of head trauma (OR = 1.35, p = 0.02), number of general anesthesia received (OR = 1.27, p = 0.050), exposure to organic solvents (OR = 2.73, p = 0.02) and the years of exposure to organic solvents (OR = 1.05, p = 0.01): Conclusions: The findings of this research indicate that the inhabitants of the state of Yucatan are exposed to the following risk factors: having a relative with PD, personal history of diabetes, number of head traumas, exposure to organic solvents, years of exposure to organic solvents and number of general anesthesia received.