BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polysaccharide present in almost all animal tissues, in which it carries out important biological functions, among them, the protection of the joints by lubricating them and dampening the tension in them. OBJECTIVE: This study compares the viscoelastic properties of several commercial preparations of HA, to determine their suitability for use as viscosupplementation therapy in joint pathology (osteoarthritis). METHODS: 4 HA hydrogels: Durolane®, Synocrom_Forte_One®, Synvisc_One® and Viscoplus_Matrix® and 4 HA solutions: Ostenil®, Ostenil_Plus®, Viscoplus_Gel® and Orthovisc® were analyzed to compare their viscoelatsic rheological parameters using an oscillatory-rotational rheometer. RESULTS: With respect to the 4 HA hydrogels, comparison of crossover frequencies allowed division into two main groups: Synvisc_One® and Viscoplus_Matrix®, with crossover frequencies in the order of magnitude of 10−2 Hz, while Synocrom_Forte_One® and Durolane® showed crossover frequencies on the order of 10−1 Hz. Only one of the 4 HA solutions, Viscoplus_Gel®, showed a crossover frequency on the order of 10−2, whereas Ostenil_Plus® and Orthovisc® showed crossover frequencies on the order of 10−1, and Ostenil® remained as a predominantly viscous fluid for frequencies as high as 4.8 Hz. CONCLUSIONS: The viscoelastic properties of the HA preparations can be ordered according to the values of G ∗ (the rigidity, or vector sum of the elastic modulus G ′ and the viscous modulus G ′′) at both transition points (0.5 and 2.5 Hz) as follows: Viscoplus_Matrix®  > Viscoplus_Gel®  > Durolane®  > Synocrom_Forte_One®  > Ostenil_Plus®  > Synvisc_One®  > Orthovisc®  > Ostenil®.

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The eggshell membrane has shown a positive effect on joint pain relief. In this study, several tests have been performed to measure the effect of Ovomet® supplementation on subjective perception and biomechanical variables to crossfiters before and after 50 days of administration.Pain perception questionnaires were performed in order to assess and demonstrate the protective or potentiating of Ovomet® effect on athletes' joints. In addition, we measured biomechanical variables such as muscle strength and power in knee extension, linear stiffness of the Achilles tendon (AT) by ultrasound, muscle stiffness through sensor in two different manoeuvers.Of all the biomechanical variables, the measurement of tendon stiffness by ultrasound, proves to be a useful tool to study the factors that can affect the joints, like our object of study, the effect of joint supplementation on athletes.

According to previous published works, the eggshell membrane has shown a positive effect on the joint pain relief. In this study, several tests were performed to measure the effect of Ovomet ® (eggshell membrane) supplementation on the subjective perception and biomechanical variables in institutionalized patients of advanced age before and after 50 days of 300 mg Ovomet ® administration. The aim was to demonstrate and verify the protective and regenerative effects of Ovomet ® on the joints. To measure this effects some pain perception questionnaires were performed and biomechanical variables such as muscle strength and power in knee extension, linear stiffness of the Achilles tendon (AT) by ultrasound, muscle stiffness by means of sensor in two different manoeuvers were carried out. In conclusion, the daily intake of 300 mg Ovomet ® during 50 days showed a positive effect on the linear stiffness of the AT in institutionalized elderly patients showing the usefulness of the echography technique of linear stiffness of the AT to study the factors that increase the protection capacity of the joints.

Human skin physiology changes during the course of life involving age-related changes in skin appearance. It has been suggested that eggshell membrane, a natural ingredient containing collagen, hyaluronic acid, elastine, among others, can be used for improving skin. However, there are limited clinical studies using eggshell membrane as a dietary supplement to study skin health. The efficacy of Ovoderm®, an oral supplement from eggshell membrane, on skin biophysical parameters related to cutaneous aging was evaluated.