The study of Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions (EFC) has found that training and education have, among other things, a positive effect on overcoming barriers when starting your own firm. Our research can be placed in this line, but with an added specificity, since it is focused firstly on women and secondly on the digital economy. Thus, we have studied the situation of women entrepreneurs in the digital economy in Spain, asking them about their personal traits, the characteristics of their ventures and the barriers they encountered. We have studied the effect of EFCs on overcoming barriers to entrepreneurship, with a special focus on training and entrepreneurship education. In addition, the effect of self-efficacy perception (the conviction of having the necessary skills to start a business) on overcoming barriers to entrepreneurship has been factored in. After the implementation of a Structural Equation Model (SEM), we show that training helps female entrepreneurs in the digital economy to overcome barriers to entrepreneurship, especially after the mediation of their self-efficacy perception, which is increased by specific entrepreneurial training. We can conclude that policy recommendations to counteract the gender gap in entrepreneurship with specific training should be promoted, specifically in such a strategic sector as the digital economy.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the development of a new perspective on adaptive strategy design. It examines the concept of adaptive advantage, as such a new perspective, and seeks to improve its understanding and application. The study of its origins leads to a solid comprehension of the concept and the proposal of a certain company profile. This could serve as a foundation for further research and as benchmark for companies trying to be more responsive to change and ultimately more resilient. Design/methodology/approach Three theories of the area of adaptability, namely, organization ecology, corporate demography and complexity-based thinking, have been studied conducting a review of the relevant literature of each one. After drawing out the individual contributions, a definition of adaptive advantage is offered and the question about its implementation in an organization is posed. Consequently, indicators of the three elements impacting adaptability, innovation culture, decision-making style and accumulated experience are measured in a sample of “old” and innovative firms. In order to do so, three questionnaires have been used, resulting in a case description of an archetype of adaptive companies. Findings It is shown that the expected elements are present, but in a lesser degree than expected. In conclusion, the trial study shows a pattern of “old,” innovative firms, whose cultures promote innovation, are analytic and adaptive in their decision making and have relatively high levels of accumulated experience. Originality/value This general review improves the comprehension of a complex concept currently under debate in the field of strategic planning. It explains the areas of the firm implicated in the achievement of adaptive advantage and tries to clarify a practical application of the concept.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how firms can enhance their innovative capabilities and become more resilient. The current business environment requires a specific type of management for companies to remain competitive and innovation plays a key role in this respect. However, this means that a particular kind of corporate culture must promote innovation in the firm. This innovation culture is likely to be present in innovative companies that have survived in the long term (at least 50 years) and be the source of an adaptive advantage. Design/methodology/approach Using innovative Spanish firms, which were established at least 50 years ago, an exploratory factorial analysis was conducted to verify the existence of an innovation culture. Thereafter, a cluster analysis was undertaken to study differences in performance to be able to detect and identify their adaptive advantage. Findings The findings offer a detailed profile of old and innovative firms created in Spain. Results show that most of the studied firms (88 per cent) have an innovation culture. Furthermore, two separate groups were identified, in which one showed higher profitability and a lower adjustment to an innovation culture, while the other showed the reverse results. This suggests that innovation culture helps companies be more resilient but does not necessarily lead to higher returns. Practical implications Corporate culture is identified as a useful management tool in the search for more resilient enterprises. Specific cultural traits are recommended and a benchmarking tool is applied and made available upon request. Originality/value Although there are a number of studies which consider the concept of adaptive advantage and resilience on the one side, and on corporate innovation culture on the other, this paper seems to be the first to empirically explore the relationship of both these concepts.

El presente estudio centra su atención en un tipo particular de emprendimiento: el emprendimiento digital iniciado por mujeres. Este tipo de creación de empresas tiene un interés particular por su alto impacto en el desarrollo económico y la dinamización de las economías desarrolladas; y en muchos casos además por su intensa orientación social. Aquí resulta especialmente relevante encontrar una paridad entre hombres y mujeres a la hora de emprender, ya que, de lo contrario, no se obtendría un desarrollo inclusivo, ni se explotaría todo el potencial emprendedor de una sociedad. Tras una descripción de las características particulares tanto del emprendimiento digital, como del femenino, se revisan las barreras a las que comúnmente se enfrenta cada uno de ellos. Mediante un estudio empírico, que logró recopilar la respuesta de 161 emprendedoras digitales en España, se procede a contrastar las barreras identificadas en la literatura con la realidad empresarial. Se pueden confirmar las dificultades que comúnmente enfrentan emprendimientos digitales, al igual que femeninos, en lo referente a las dificultades para encontrar financiación. Sin embargo, otras barreras, tales como el rol de la mujer en la familia, parecen tener menor relevancia en este tipo de emprendimientos. Finalmente, se ofrecen conclusiones generales, en las que se destacan los puntos de actuación para posibles políticas de fomento del emprendimiento digital femenino.

El presente trabajo elabora una herramienta para la medición de la cultura corporativa que impulsa a la empresa a ser más innovadora-cultura de innovación. En un entorno económico expuesto a fuertes cambios, como lo es el actual, la capacidad de innovar ha cobrado una importancia muy elevada. Mediante ésta las empresas serán capaces de adaptarse mejor y más rápidamente o adelantarse al cambio, siendo artífices del mismo. El enfoque cultural comprende a este conjunto de valores