Blind source separation (BSS) is an active research topic in the fields of biomedical signal processing and braincomputer interface. As a representative technique, maximum signal fraction analysis (MSFA) has been recently developed for the problem of BSS. However, MSFA is formulated based on the L2-norm, and thus is prone to be negatively affected by outliers. In this study, the authors propose a robust alternative to MSFA based on the L1-norm, termed as MSFA-L1. Specifically, they redefine the objective function of MSFA, in which the energy quantities of both the signal and the noise are defined with the L1-norm rather than the L2-norm. By adopting the L1-norm, MSFA-L1 alleviates the negative influence of large deviations that are usually associated with outliers. Computationally, they design an iterative algorithm to optimise the objective function of MSFA-L1. The iterative procedure is shown to converge under the framework of bound optimisation. Experimental results on both synthetic data and real biomedical data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MSFA-L1 approach.

Computer vision is one of the hottest research directions in artificial intelligence at present, and its research goal is to give computers the ability to perceive and cognize their surroundings from a single image. Image recognition is an important research direction in the field of computer vision, which has important research significance and application value in industrial applications such as video surveillance, biometric identification, unmanned vehicles, human-computer interaction, and medical image recognition. In this article, we propose an end-to-end, pixel-to-pixel IoT-oriented fuzzy support tensor product adaptive image classification method. Considering the problem that traditional support tensor product classification methods are difficult to directly produce pixel-to-pixel classification results, the research is based on the idea of inverse convolution network design, which directly outputs dense pixel-by-pixel classification results for images to be classified of arbitrary size to achieve true end-to-end and pixel-to-pixel high-score image classification and improve the efficiency of support tensor product models for high-score image classification on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Moreover, considering that network supervised classification training using deep learning requires a large amount of labeled data as true values and obtaining a large number of labeled data sources is a difficult problem in the field of image classification, this article proposes using a large amount of unlabeled high-resolution remote sensing images for learning generic structured features through unsupervised to assist the labeled high-resolution remote sensing images for better-supervised feature extraction and classification training. By finding a balance between generic structural feature learning of images and differentiated feature learning related to the target class, the dependence of supervised classification on the number of labeled samples is reduced, and the network robustness of the support tensor product algorithm is improved under a small number of labeled training samples.

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<abstract> <p>Traditional back propagation neural networks (BPNNs) for ultrawideband (UWB) indoor localization can effectively improve localization accuracy, although there is high likelihood of becoming trapped in nearby minima. To solve this problem, the random weights and thresholds of the BPNN are optimized using the Harris Hawks optimization algorithm (HHO) to obtain the optimal global solution to enhance the UWB indoor positioning accuracy and NLOS resistance. The results show that the predicted trajectory of the HHO and BPNN hybrid algorithm (HHO-BP) matches the actual position in the two-dimensional localization scenario with four base stations; the optimized average positioning error is effectively reduced in both indoor LOS and NLOS environments. In the LOS environment, the total mean error of the traditional BPNN algorithm is 6.52 cm, which is 26.99% better than the UWB measurement error; in the NLOS environment, the total mean error of the conventional BPNN is 14.82 cm, which is 50.08% better than the UWB measurement error. The HHO–BP algorithm is further optimized on this basis, and the total mean error in the LOS environment is 4.50 cm, which is 22.57% better than the conventional BPNN algorithm; in the NLOS environment, the total mean error is 9.56 cm, which is 17.54% better than the conventional BPNN algorithm. The experimental findings suggest that the approach has greater calibration accuracy and stability than BPNN, making it a viable choice for scenarios requiring high positional precision.</p> </abstract>