Russian intervention in Donbas and annexation of Crimea have triggered a fundamental revision of the EU policy towards Easter neighbourhood and Russia. The main goal of this paper is to develop discussion about the EU strategy towards Russia by presenting political concept named “The Giedroyc doctrine”, created by Polish intellectuals on exile, when Poland was under Soviet domination. Although created a few decades ago, some elements of this doctrine are still surprisingly relevant today and may contribute to contemporary European debate. In particular, we argue that strengthening the prosperity, stability and security in Eastern Europe is possible only when Russia transforms itself into a prosperous and democratic state. Autocratic and neo-imperial Russia undermines any major pro-Western political changes in the region. Therefore, successful transformation of Russia into stable, prosperous and democratic state should be included into the long-term vision of European politicians who intend to keep Europe secure. All political activities in the Eastern neighbourhood should be subordinated to this. It means that economic support for Ukraine and strengthening cooperation with this country should not be a goal itself. Westernization of Ukraine ought to be perceived only as a beginning of political transformation of the whole region.

The article analyzes contemporary cooperation of Polish and American cities. Thus, it contributes to the research on the participation of non-state actors in the international relations. Currently, only 10 Polish cities conduct active cooperation with partners from the USA. These relationships focus on cooperation on issues such as culture, art, science and business. In most cases, these contacts were initiated by the Polish side, and they were based primarily on direct interpersonal contacts. Most partnership agreements were signed in the 1990s and resulted from the collapse of the Soviet block and deep political changes in Poland. Currently, the main obstacles to the intensification of these local governments transatlantic relations is a weak American involvement, geographic distance and a lack of state support.

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Lithuania in Polish Foreign Policy in the Years 2007–2014Lithuania plays a crucial part in the Polish eastern policy. Poland shares a complicated past with its north-eastern neighbour as well as many common interests. One can call it “a love-hate relationship”. The main purpose of this article is to investigate Polish-Lithuanian relations in four main areas: energy recourses and transmission lines; security and democratisation in the Eastern Europe; cooperation within the European Union; condition of minorities. The article focuses on ears 2007–2014 when Donald Tusk was the Prime Minister of Poland and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was led by Radosław Sikorski. The paper also presents the role of the Polish president and parliament.

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