No abstract

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths. In Brazil, it is likewise the second most common cancer among men, second only to non-melanoma skin cancers.The aim of this consensus is to align different opinions and interpretations of the medical literature in a practical and patient-oriented approach. The first Brazilian Consensus on the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer was published in 2017, with the goal of reducing the heterogeneity of therapeutic conduct in Brazilian patients with metastatic prostate cancer. We acknowledge that in Brazil the incorporation of different technologies is a big challenge, especially in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), which allows for the disparity in the options available to patients treated in different institutions. In order to update the recommendations and to make them objective and easily accessible, once more a panel of specialists was formed in order to discuss and elaborate a new Brazilian Consensus on Advanced Prostate Cancer. This Consensus was written through a joint initiative of the Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology (SBOC) and the Brazilian Society of Urology (SBU) to support the clinical decisions of physicians and other health professionals involved in the care of patients with prostate cancer.

No abstract

Rhabdomyosarcomas with areas reminiscent of adult type rhabdomyoma are rare and almost exclusive of pretreated tumors. We present a case of 17-year-old patient who sought medical assistance due to a right painless paratesticular mass. At gross examination, the paratesticular mass was a 5 cm tumor (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma) with a discrete 2.0 cm grayish nodule at the periphery. At microscopy, smaller nodule showed large eosinophilic granular cells suggestive of adult type rhabdomyoma. These cells were strongly and diffusely positive for desmin and multifocally positive for myogenin. Focal neuronal and neural differentiations (NSE and GFAP expression) were also detected. Awareness of benign appearing intratumoral rhabdomyoma in rhabdomyosarcomas of paratestis/retroperitonium is of relevance. Such tumor heterogeneity may be a diagnostic pitfall especially in the scenario of needle biopsies and frozen section consultation.