O uso inadequado dos solos pode provocar erosão e assoreamento dos cursos d’água reduzindo assim a quantidade e a qualidade da água na bacia. A implantação de práticas conservacionistas de solo e a presença de vegetação nativa são ações de fundamental importância para a conservação do solo e água na bacia, uma vez que elas atuam diminuindo o escoamento superfcial da água e os processos erosivos. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um mapa de áreas prioritárias para conservação do solo e da água na bacia hidrográfca do Itanguá, Capão Bonito - SP, com base na caracterização do uso e cobertura do solo e declive da bacia e defnir áreas com alta necessidade de implementação de práticas de conservação. Para a elaboração dos mapas temáticos, os planos de informação de uso e cobertura da terra e declividade do terreno foram combinados pelo método booleano em um sistema de informação geográfca. A partir da análise dos dados foram encontradas nove diferentes classes de prioridade para implantação de práticas conservacionistas e seis classes de prioridade para a restauração florestal na área de preservação permanente. Áreas com estrada de terra em região de maior declividade foram identifcadas como áreas prioritárias para conservação, inclusive em área de preservação permanente ao longo dos cursos d’água da bacia. O estudo proporciona a primeira avaliação do uso e cobertura da terra no nível da bacia para a Floresta Nacional de Capão Bonito e fornece uma base para identifcar prioridades de conservação em toda a bacia de Itanguá.
Given the scarcity of studies relating fire to deforestation in the Atlantic Forest and great economic and ecological importances of this biome, this work aimed to investigate this relationship in the Atlantic Forest of the State of São Paulo, trying to answer whether deforestation is related to fire events in up to three years, if there are regions most affected by this relationship and what land use and land cover predominates after fire and deforestation in these areas. The study was carried out in Evergreen Forest and Semideciduous Seasonal, along the time series from 2000 to 2019 using the MapBiomas Project database to survey deforested and burned sites with moderate to high severity fires. Burning positively influenced deforestation in EGF in eight of 19 years studied (2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 and 2009, 2013 and 2015), while only for three years in the SSF. Burning followed by deforestation corresponded to only 3.2% of the total deforestation, located mainly in the eastern region of the state with the highest density in the EGF. Most of these areas have been converted to agriculture. This study provides the first indication that, generally, fire is not a driver of deforestation in the southeast Atlantic Forest.
In recent times, the area burned by wildfires in the Atlantic Rainforest, a biodiversity hotspot, has increased and its occurrence may threaten this biome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of three fire risk indices for a historical time series in Vale do Paraíba Paulista, southeast Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil. Daily meteorological data from automatic weather stations and hotspots records from INPE fire monitoring program were used to validate the formulas. Three fire risk indices were calculated: Angstron, Monte Alegre Formula (MAF) and Telecyn. We expected that we would find an increase in fire risk in recent years in the region, which we found for some municipalities, and that burning risk would be higher in dry months, which we showed. Moreover, we argued that protected areas surrounding higher fire risk sites are being threatened, especially near São Luiz do Paraitinga and Taubaté. Lastly, considering the higher probability in detecting fire risk in higher classes, Angstron was the most adequate for Campos do Jordão and MAF for Sao Luiz do Paraitinga, Taubaté and Cachoeira Paulista.
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