Iliac vein compression syndrome is a clinical condition in which the right common iliac artery extrinsically compresses the left common iliac vein. The syndrome predominantly affects young women between their 2nd and 4th decades of life. In view of the syndrome's potential complications, it should be recognized/diagnosed and treated in symptomatic patients before it causes irreversible damage to patients' venous systems. Noninvasive methods, such as venous color Doppler US are reasonable screening methods, but angiotomography and magnetic resonance angiography are more reliable diagnostic tools and the method of choice for confirmation of diagnosis remains multi-plane phlebography with measurement of pressure gradients. Endovascular treatment (angioplasty with placement of self-expanding stents) is safe and effective and can replace open surgical reconstruction and/or anticoagulation alone.

The local complications of penetrating injuries involving arteries include hematoma, pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistulas. Traumatic injuries to the deep femoral artery are uncommon because of its anatomic location. We report the case of a young male patient who was victim of a stab wound to the posterior thigh who was later diagnosed with an injury to the descending branch of the deep femoral artery and treated using endovascular techniques. A review of the literature confirmed the rarity of the case, since the majority of cases of traumatic injuries to the deep femoral artery that have been reported were due to complications during orthopedic procedures or fractures involving the proximal femur.Keywords: penetrating wounds; femoral artery; injuries; therapeutic embolization; endovascular procedures. ResumoAs complicações locais de uma lesão arterial penetrante incluem hematoma, pseudoaneurisma e formação de fístula arteriovenosa. A artéria femoral profunda, por sua localização anatômica, é sede infrequente de lesões traumáticas. Relatamos um caso de paciente jovem, vítima de agressão por arma branca em face posterior de coxa, em que foi diagnosticada, tardiamente, lesão de ramo descendente da artéria femoral profunda, sendo então tratada com técnica endovascular. A revisão de literatura corrobora a raridade do caso, sendo a maioria dos casos de lesão traumática de artéria femoral profunda relatada como decorrente de complicação de procedimentos ortopédicos ou fraturas envolvendo o fêmur proximal.

Resumo O rim em ferradura é a anomalia congênita renal mais comum, ocorrendo em 0,15 a 0,25% de nascidos vivos. A associação de rim em ferradura com aneurisma de aorta abdominal é rara, estando presente em apenas 0,12% dos pacientes submetidos a tratamento dos aneurismas de aorta abdominal. Este desafio terapêutico consiste em um caso de um paciente portador de um aneurisma de aorta abdominal sintomático associado a rim em ferradura. A irrigação do rim em ferradura dava-se por meio de quatro artérias, sendo que duas delas emergiam diretamente do saco aneurismático. O caso foi solucionado por meio de cirurgia aberta, em caráter de urgência, com acesso transperitoneal, interposição de enxerto de Dacron bifurcado aorto bi-ilíaco e reimplante das duas artérias renais anômalas no corpo principal do Dacron. O paciente teve boa evolução pós-operatória, recebendo alta da unidade de tratamento intensivo no 3º dia e alta hospitalar no 8º dia, mantendo níveis normais de creatinina sérica.

bstractBullet embolism is a rare complication of penetrating gunshots. We present a case of a 24-year-old man with a gunshot v^ound in the left scapular area, with no exit wound. Abdominal X-rays and a computed tomography (CT) scan suggested that the bullet was located within the intra-abdominal topography (intrahepadc), bu: laparotomy revealed no intra-abdominal injuries. After surgery, a sequential CT scan showed that the bullet had migrated to the right internal iliac vein (IIV). Venography confirmed the diagnosis of right IIV embolism and the decision was taken to attempt snare retrieval of the bullet, which was unsuccessful. It was therefore decided to leave the missile impacted inside the right IIV and the patient was put on oral anticoagulation. The patient recovered and was event free a: 6 months' follow up. ResumoEmbolia balística é uma complicaçâo rara de ferimentos por arma de fogo. Apresentamos um caso de um homem de 24 anos, vítima de um ferimento por arma de fogo em hemitórax posterior esquerdo (regiao escapular), sem orificio de saida. Radiografias e tomografia computadorizada do abdome evídencíaram um projétil em topografia intraabdominal (intra-hepática); no entanto, a laparotomía exploradora demonstrou ausencia de lesôes intra-abdominais. Após a cirurgia, novo exame tomográfico revelou a migraçâo da bala para a regiâo da veia ilíaca interna (VII) direita. Realizada uma flebografia, esta confirmou a migraçâo do projétil para a VII direita; tentou-se retirar o projétil durante 0 procedimento, sem sucesso. Optou-se, entâo, por deixá-la impactada na Vil direita e manter o paciente em anticoagulaçâo oral. O paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências até o sexto mes de seguimento.Palavras-chave: ferimentos por arma de fogo; embolia; tomograña; flebografia; veia ilíaca.

Radiation-induced arteritis is a rare but well-known complication of radiotherapy. This report describes the case of a 34-year-old woman with uterine cervical cancer who was diagnosed with left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) 2 years after radiotherapy, and 2 months later, during the treatment of DVT with effective anticoagulation, developed an episode of acute arterial ischemia of the left lower limb secondary to a long subocclusive lesion of the external iliac artery. The patient was treated with angioplasty and stenting of the lesion and recovered uneventfully after the endovascular procedure.Keywords: radiotherapy; constriction, pathologic; angioplasty. ResumoA arterite induzida por radiação é uma rara mas bem documentada complicação da radioterapia. O presente relato descreve o caso de uma mulher de 34 anos, diagnosticada com neoplasia de colo do útero, a qual, dois anos após sessões de radioterapia desenvolveu trombose venosa profunda (TVP) iliofemoral esquerda; dois meses depois, durante tratamento para TVP com devida anticoagulação, a paciente apresentou quadro de insuficiência arterial aguda do membro inferior esquerdo secundária a uma longa lesão suboclusiva da artéria ilíaca externa. A paciente foi tratada com angioplastia transluminal percutânea e implantação de stent autoexpansível, recuperando-se sem intercorrências após o procedimento endovascular. With the aid of road mapping, the left femoral artery was punctured, and the EIA lesion was easily crossed with a hydrophilic 0.035-in, 180-cm stiff shaft and an angled floppy-tip guide wire; after that, the lesion was pre-dilated using a 6-mm × 40-mm non-compliant percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) balloon. Subsequently, 2 selfexpandable nitinol stents were deployed: first, an 8-mm × 80-mm stent distally, and then a 9-mm × 80-mm stent proximally, with an overlapping zone of about 3 cm. For post-dilatation, a 7-mm × 80-mm non-compliant PTA balloon was used (Figure 2). Both balloons had to be inflated to nearly their burst pressure to open the lesion adequately. Pressure was measured across the stented region, but no pressure gradient was identified. The completion angiogram showed a satisfactory angiographic result (Figure 3). PalavrasOn the first post-procedure day, she had normal pedal pulses, and color Doppler US detected normal triphasic flow down to the foot on both left pedal arteries. Clinically, there was remission of the left foot numbness and her left foot movements were preserved. She was discharged from the hospital on the third post-procedure day with a referral for outpatient anticoagulation and INR control.