Introduction. Summer camps are the most important form of organised leisure activity for children and adolescents, and their popularity has been increasing year after year. Providing tourism services for this group of recipients constitutes a big challenge for the organisers because they have to satisfy the expectations of not only the participants but also their parents. Hence, the aim of the study was to obtain data making it possible to estimate the degree of convergence between the needs of summer camp participants, their parents’ needs, and the tourism product, that is summer camp. Materials and methods. The study involved one hundred participants of a summer camp, aged 11-17 years. A diagnostic survey carried using direct interviews and questionnaires. The data have been processed and analysed statistically by means of Excel and Statistica v.12; a significance test was used for comparing two proportions at the significance level α = 0.05 (with p < α indicating the presence of statistically significant differences and p ≥ α indicating a lack of statistically significant differences). Results. The children of educated mothers participated in summer camps significantly more often than children of mothers with vocational education (p = 0.0115) and secondary education (p = 0.0422). When selecting the summer camp, most respondents (44.57%) paid attention to the degree of correspondence between the programme and their interests. The camps that were the most popular were sport summer camps (41.30%). Boys chose survival summer camps more often than girls (p = 0.0360) whereas girls preferred active and sailing summer camps (p = 0.006). The most attention in a summer camp was paid to the staff. Conclusions. When choosing a summer camp, children and parents pay special attention to whether or not the programme is rich in attractions; however, it is the staff that conditions positive emotions of the participants as well as their good memories. Organisers know how important the staff are and that they are the warrant of the summer camp’s success. The results presented confirm that preparing a summer camp offering requires much work and involvement because one must satisfy the expectations of both participants and parents, who use different criteria of camp evaluation.

The impact of mineral fertilization with or without multi-component fertilizers on the content of microelements in soil and spring triticale grains was investigated in field trials, in 2009-2011. The experiment was carried out on 8 fertilizing treatments with three replications, which included two varieties of spring triticale: Andrus and Milewo. The content of available zinc and manganese was higher on plots cropped with the cultivar Andrus and nitrogen fertilization with urea or with urea and ammonium nitrate. It was also found out that the content of available manganese, zinc and iron in the analyzed soils was within the natural average range. A higher content of manganese and zinc in grains was detected after the application of multi-component fertilizers. Nitrogen fertilization at a dose of 120 kg. ha-1 together with Azofoska and Ekolist resulted in an increase in the iron content in cv. Andrus. The regression analysis between the content of the analyzed microelements in soil and in triticale grains revealed a significant increase in the iron, manganese and zinc content in grains together with an increase in the content of these elements in soil under cv. Milewo. With respect to the zinc content in soil and in grain from this variety, the coefficient of determination was the closest to the coefficient of a linear correlation (R 2 = 0.9105). It was shown that an increase in the content of microelements in soil was not always accompanied by an increase in the content of these elements in spring triticale grains.

IntroductionThe problem of an aging population and associated concerns are increasingly often addressed by researchers from various fields of science. The number of senior citizens continues to grow and life expectancy is on the rise, yet population growth has been visibly stilted. Since 1950, the number of people aged 65+ has tripled from 130 million to 419 million, and in 2000, seniors accounted for approximately 6.9% of the global population (Kinsella, & Velkoff, 2001). According to estimates, the population of people aged 60 years and over will double from 841 million in 2013 to nearly one billion in 2050 (United Nations, 2013). Seniors also account for a large part of the Polish population: 7,361,400 in total, with 4,949,800 of these being elderly pensioners (Polish Social Insurance Institution, 2012). Nearly 520,000 seniors are 85 and older. According to The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of place of permanent residence (urban or rural) on the tourist activity of senior citizens (60+) of different socioeconomic statuses. The study involved 380 senior citizens (305 female and 75 male) aged 60 years and older who were permanent residents of the region of Warmia and Mazury, Poland. In this group, 244 subjects resided in urban areas and 136 participants were rural dwellers. The respondents were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic status (place of permanent residence, age, gender, educational attainment, financial status, membership in senior organizations, marital status, and professional activity) and tourist activity. A significance test of two structure coefficients (α=0.05) was applied. Factors such as gender, professional activity, and marital status were not related with the travel propensity of seniors from different groups (urban and rural), but were significant when rural residents were compared with urban dwellers. Seniors residing in urban areas of Warmia and Mazury, Poland, were significantly more likely to travel for leisure than those residing in rural areas. The tourist activity of seniors decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the age (60-74 years) and financial status of rural residents. The travel propensity of elderly people increased significantly (p<0.05) with educational attainment and membership in senior organizations. The study revealed considerable differences in the socioeconomic status and social characteristics of seniors residing in rural and urban areas, and those variations significantly influenced their propensity for travel: urban residents traveled more frequently than rural residents. It can be concluded that place of residence was a crucial factor determining the tourist behavior of senior citizens, and urban dwellers were more likely to travel. senior citizens, tourist activity, urban area, rural area, socioeconomic factors

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess strength and endurancestrength abilities of selected female early education teachers (EET) against classification norms, and subsequently compare the level of these abilities to that of pre-school and early school children and female university students. Methods: The research comprised: 700 pre-school children, 1306 early school children, 303 female university students and 217 EET. In order to determine the research participants' level of motor abilities, two motor tests, i.e. the medicine ball forward throw and the 3-min. Burpee Test were applied. Results: Based on the classification norms, the EET obtained an average level of strength and endurance-strength abilities. Moreover, in the medicine ball (2 and 4kg) forward throw trial, the EET achieved significantly worse results than the 1 st year female university students (p = 0.0000), yet significantly better results than the examined pre-school and early school children (p = 0.0000). On the other hand, in the 3 min. Burpee Test, the EET gained significantly worse results than the 2 nd (p = 0.0000) and 3 rd (p = 0.0000) year girls and boys and the 1 st year female university 94|Podstawski et al: THE LEVEL OF STRENGTH... students (p = 0.0000), but significantly better results than the pre-school children (girls: p = 0.0000, boys: p = 0.0166) and the 1 st year boys (p = 0.0000). Conclusions: Since motor fitness is important in EET's everyday work, it is worrisome that the teachers under study attained an average level of strength and endurancestrength abilities. There were also many teachers who were exempted from any form of physical exercise for health reasons, which may be a consequence of their poor eating habits or/and an insufficient amount of daily physical activity. It seems to be reasonable, thus, to design and implement new enrollment criteria for admission to early education studies including fitness tests, and to expand the curriculum of early education studies by increasing the number of practical P.E. classes.

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