Evidence indicates that the nature of adult–infant attachments will impact on the quality of care the infant receives, although findings are often couched in outcomes for children rather than adult concerns. In this article, the argument is made that the adult's experience of caregiving is also an important area for investigation. Vygotsky's theoretical concept of perezhivanie is offered as a unit of analysis that allows the researcher a window into the caregiving experience, but from the perspective of the caregiver. Employing perezhivanie presents both theoretical and methodological challenges, yet allows researchers to examine subjective experience within sociocultural frameworks and, most importantly, to grapple with the affective nature of caring for infants.

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Abstract-The increasing levels of child sex abuse (CSA) media being shared in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks pose a significant challenge for law enforcement agencies. Although a number of P2P monitoring tools to detect offender activity in such networks exist, they typically rely on hash value databases of known CSA media. Such an approach cannot detect new or previously unknown media being shared. Conversely, identifying such new/previously unknown media is a priority for law enforcement -they can be indicators of recent or on-going child abuse. Furthermore, originators of such media can be handson abusers and their apprehension can safeguard children from further abuse. The sheer volume of activity on P2P networks, however, makes manual detection virtually infeasible. In this paper, we present a novel approach that combines sophisticated filename and media analysis techniques to automatically flag new/previously unseen CSA media to investigators. The approach has been implemented into the iCOP toolkit. Our evaluation on real case data shows high degrees of accuracy while hands-on trials with law enforcement officers highlight iCOP's usability and its complementarity to existing investigative workflows.

In 2017, the #MeToo movement prompted dialogues about sexual harassment and assault. Men's engagement in discussions of women as sexual objects is often attributed to "locker room talk" with limited attention to how beliefs about sexual violence are shaped by these conversations. The current study examined relations between conformity to masculine norms, attitudes toward women, locker room talk, and endorsement of sexual harassment and rape myths among men in the United States (N ϭ 424). More specifically, this study explored the moderating effects of exposure to locker room talk and pressure to engage in locker room talk. Consistent with our hypotheses, pressure to engage in locker room talk moderated relations between conformity to masculine norms, attitudes toward women, and rape myth acceptance. Inconsistent with our hypotheses, exposure to locker room talk did not moderate relations between conformity to masculine norms, attitudes toward women, rape myth acceptance, and sexual harassment myth acceptance. The current study expands the literature on relations between conformity to masculine norms and sexual harassment and rape myth acceptance, two factors that are theorized to negatively impact men's ability to engage in healthy romantic relationships. It is also the only study to date to examine the unique contributions of exposure to locker room talk and pressure to engage in locker room talk. Understanding the associations between these variables may inform interventions to address problematic norms that encourage men to engage in these behaviors. Public Significance StatementThe current study examined factors that predict acceptance of sexual violence myths (e.g., rape myths and sexual harassment myths) among a sample of men in the United States. Results indicated that negative attitudes toward women, beliefs about men's power over women, and adherence to norms about promiscuity had unique relations with endorsement of these myths. Pressure to engage in locker room talk also made men more likely to believe these rape myths.

Recent years have seen an explosion in the number and scale of digital communities (e.g. peer-to-peer file sharing systems, chat applications and social networking sites). Unfortunately, digital communities are host to significant criminal activity including copyright infringement, identity theft and child sexual abuse. Combating this growing level of crime is problematic due to the ever increasing scale of today's digital communities. This paper presents an approach to provide automated support for the detection of child sexual abuse related activities in digital communities. Specifically, we analyze the characteristics of child sexual abuse media distribution in P2P file sharing networks and carry out an exploratory study to show that corpus-based natural language analysis may be used to automate the detection of this activity. We then give an overview of how this approach can be extended to police chat and social networking communities.