O diagnóstico das ilhas de calor urbanas tem se mostrado um instrumento importante para a gestão do espaço urbano, na medida em que a espacialização das diferenças das temperaturas intraurbanas e rurais próximas pode oferecer subsídios para que atitudes possam ser tomadas com o objetivo de amenizar a magnitude de tais ilhas de calor. Entretanto, as interpolações dos registros de temperaturas do ar que não levam em consideração as características dos alvos superficiais produzem resultados que dificultam intervenções mais localizadas.O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar um conjunto de procedimentos para a modelagem das ilhas de calor urbanas, com o propósito de estimar a temperatura do ar considerando-se as características da superfície (uso da terra, vegetação, relevo).Para isso foram processadas relações entre as temperaturas do ar medidas por meio de transectos móveis; o uso da terra tendo como base as imagens do satélite Landsat 8; o NDVI (Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada); e a hipsometria.Com essas informações foram feitas relações estatísticas entre a intensidade da ilha de calor urbana nos locais onde as temperaturas foram registradas e os parâmetros geográficos, tais como porcentagem de vegetação, densidade de edificações e altitude.Os resultados mostraram que o modelo gerado estimou satisfatoriamente (r=0,81) a temperatura do ar no ambiente intraurbano e rural próximo sendo possível subsidiar intervenções mais localizadas que podem contribuir para amenizar a ilha de calor atmosférica que, no episódio estudado (30/06/2014), apresentou-se com forte magnitude e intensidade de 9ºC.
Urban heat islands (UHIs) in large cities and different climatic regions have been thoroughly studied; however, their effects are becoming a common concern in smaller cities as well. We assessed UHIs in three tropical cities, analyzing how synoptic conditions, urban morphology, and land cover affect the heat island magnitude. Data gathering involved mobile surveys across Paranavaí (Paraná), Rancharia (São Paulo), and Presidente Prudente (São Paulo), Brazil, during summer evenings (December 2013-January 2014). Temperature data collected over five days in each city point to heat islands with magnitudes up to 6 • C, under calm synoptic conditions, whereas summer average UHI magnitudes peak at 3.7 • C. In addition, UHI magnitudes were higher in areas with closely spaced buildings and few or no trees and building materials that are not appropriate for the region's climate and thermal comfort.
Nowadays, most of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. The replacement of vegetation by buildings and the general soil sealing, associated with human activity, lead to a rise in cities temperature, resulting in the formation of urban heat islands. This article aims to evaluate the intensity and the hourly maintenance of the atmospheric heat islands in two climates: one tropical (Presidente Prudente, Brazil) and one temperate (Rennes, France) throughout 2016. For this, air temperature and hourly averages were measured and calculated using both a HOBO datalogger (U23-002-protected under the same RS3 brand) and weather stations Davis Vantage PRO 2. The daily evolution of the heat islands presented characteristics that varied according to the hours and seasons of the year. For both Rennes and Presidente Prudente, the largest magnitudes occurred overnight, being more greatly expressed in the tropical environment and during the driest months (winter in the tropical city and summer in the temperate one). The variability of synoptic conditions from one month to another also leads to a great heterogeneity of UHI intensity throughout the year.
Although urban heat islands (UHIs) have been widely studied, a recent climate-based classification of urban and rural landscapes provides a new framework for UHI researchers. Based on the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) system, we studied heat islands in a tropical city, analysing the effects of urban morphology and surface cover on UHI intensity. Mobile measurements were taken in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil, on five winter evenings (June and July 2014). Observed temperatures across the city show compact built zones with higher temperatures, followed by open midsize, lightweight low-rise, and low plants zones. A maximum nocturnal temperature difference of more than 5°C was detected between areas with significant differences in physical characteristics (ΔT LCZ 24–D), whereas average inter-zone thermal differences reached 3.8ºC (ΔT LCZ 3–D).
RESUMO -O objetivo deste artigo é identificar como as ilhas de calor de superfície se espacializam em cidades de porte médio e pequeno por meio da utilização de imagens do canal infravermelho termal do satélite Landsat 8. Pretende -se, portanto, analisar as características das temperaturas superficiais e a distribuição espacial da cobertura vegetal arbórea, da densidade de construções e dos tipos de materiais dos telhados, em cidades de porte médio e pequeno do ambiente tropical. foram diagnosticadas ilhas de calor de superfície de forte magnitude (entre 8ºC e 11ºC) e as áreas com as maiores temperaturas estiveram associadas com os materiais construtivos utilizados nas coberturas, particularmente os telhados de fibrocimento e de zinco, com a densidade das construções e a carência de cobertura vegetal arbórea.Palavras -chave: Clima urbano; ilha de calor de superfície; Landsat 8; sensoriamento remoto; cidades tropicais.ABSTRACT -reMOte sensinG Of sUrfaCe Heat isLanDs: eXaMPLes Of sMaLL -anD MeDiUM -siZeD Cities in tHe trOPiCaL enVirOnMent, BraZiL. The purpose of this article is to identify how island surface heat is spatialized in small -and medium -sized cities through the use of images of the thermal infrared channel of the Landsat 8 satellite. it thus intends to assess the characteristics of surface temperatures and the spatial distribution of woody vegetation, construction density and the types of rooftop materials in small -and medium -sized cities in a tropical environment. We diagnosed surface heat islands of strong magnitude (8 -11°C), and the areas with the highest temperatures were associated with construction materials used in rooftops, particularly asbestos cement and zinc, construction density and lack of woody vegetation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.