All biological processes associated with high sports performance, including energy metabolism, are influenced by genetics. DNA sequence variations in such genes, single nucleotide variants (SNVs), could confer genetic advantages that can be exploited to achieve optimal athletic performance. Ignorance of these features can create genetic “barriers” that prevent professional athletes from pursuing a career in sports. Predictive Genomic DNA Profiling reveals single nucleotide variations (SNV) that may be associated with better suitability for endurance, strength and speed sports. (1) Background: To conduct a research on candidate genes associated with regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism among athletes. (2) Methods: We have searched for articles in SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Clinical keys, PubMed, e-LIBRARY databases for the period of 2010–2020 using keywords and keywords combinations; (4) Conclusions: Identification of genetic markers associated with the regulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscles can help sports physicians and coaches develop personalized strategies for selecting children, teenagers and young adults for endurance, strength and speed sports (such as jogging, middle or long distance runs). However, the multifactorial aspect of sport performances, including impact of genetics, epigenetics, environment (training and etc.), is important for personalized strategies for selecting of athletes. This approach could improve sports performance and reduce the risk of sports injuries to the musculoskeletal system.

Thermal hand injury (THI) is a severe open damage of superficial and deep hand tissues caused by exposure to high temperatures. THI is characterized by damage of different severity grades to the tissues and hand structures, vascular changes, occurrence of local and multipart inflammatory responses, formation of secondary cicatricial skin changes, as well as of inner tissues, and/or secondary deformation and dysfunction of the hand. Objective -Systematization and update of knowledge about THI occurrence frequency among children and youths. Material and Methods -We analyzed full-text publications originated in Russia and abroad, including: original articles, thematic and systematic reviews, along with Cochrane Reviews. Our search covered the articles published in 2011-2021. We analyzed 368 publications and included 29 studies in our analysis. Results -Mean frequency of THI occurrence among children and youths was as follows: 10.0% in countries of South-East Asia, 12.3% in Mediterranean countries, 23.9% in European countries, 28.4% in Western Pacific countries, 33.0% in African countries, and 36% in countries of the Americas. Mean frequency of THI occurrence among children and adolescents worldwide was 31.3%, and 29.5% in Russia. Conclusion -Mean frequency of THI occurrence, compared with other thermal injuries in children and adolescents, is quite high and makes up for about one-third of all cases (31.3%). Hence, an importance of this interdisciplinary problem in combustiology, as well as in traumatology and plastic surgery, since the long-term consequences of THI in people who experienced it in their childhood or adolescence largely depend on close interaction of physicians representing various specialties.

Thermal injury to the hand (TIH) is one of the most common burn injuries among adults, including the consequences of exposure to domestic, industrial and military thermal damaging factors. The study of the epidemiological indicators of TIH is important for a realistic assessment of the economic burden on non-surgical and surgical treatment of TIH and its consequences, as well as the indirect economic costs of the rehabilitation of patients who had TIH. The aim of the research. To analyze the results of epidemiological studies of TIH carried out in Russia and abroad and to update current knowledge of the frequency of occurrence of TIH among adults. Material and methods. We have analyzed domestic and foreign epidemiological studies published in the eLibrary, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Scopus, Elsevir, Oxford Press, Clinical Case, Cochrane databases. Th e depth of research is 10 years (2011-2021). Th e full-text articles in Russian and English have been analyzed, including: original articles, thematic and system reviews, and Cocrane reviews. Results. Th e valuation of the results of the epidemiological studies of TIH among adults is diffi cult due to the lack of a consistent approach to the design and duration of the previous studies. Besides, studies analyzed included not only TIH, but also thermal injuries of the upper limbs in general. It has been done this way due to the lack of consistent approaches to the classification of TIH. Th e incidence of TIH varied from 0.34 % to 79 % in the world, the average incidence was 32.9 %. Conclusion. Th e review indicates that the results of domestic epidemiological studies of TIH differ significantly from the results of foreign research.