1. Chlorobium limicola forma sp. thiosulfatophilum was cultivated at 22 and 22000 lux. 2. The content of bchl d on a protein basis in the low light intensity cultures was about twice that of the high light intensity cultures; 3. After growth at 22 lux the red bchl d peak was at c. 743 nm, while at the higher intensity this peak was at c. 732 nm; 4. Electron microscopy of thin sections of Chlorobium revealed that vesicle size was greater at the low light intensity than at the high. 5. This was confirmed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of differentially 14C-labelled vesicles from cultures grown at the two intensities. 6. The optimum temperature for growth was about 35 degrees C. Incubation at the optimum temperature was particularly beneficial at high light intensity.

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The efficacy of a commercial inoculant, Natuferm, which contains multiple strains of lactic acid bacteria, was examined in seven experiments using 6 m3 pilot-scale silos. Samples taken during the fermentation period were analysed and compared with samples @om untreated controls and formic acid silages. Good quality silages were obtained with crops of low dry matter content (12)(13)(14) %)and with a water soluble carbohydrate content of 1.5 % related to jkesh weight. The addition of Natuferm resulted in increased lactic acid levels (50-90%) during the initial fermentation, and p H dropped faster compared with the untreated controls. Compared with the formic acid silages the level of enterobacteria declined rapidly in both the inoculated and untreated silages. I n two of the experiments a pronounced difference in enterobacterial count was observed between the Natuferm and control silages on day 2. The effluent volumes were recorded, and the pH and the dry matter content of the effluents were determined. Compared with the formic acid silages, a 40% average reduction of the efluentflow was observed from Natuferm silages, and in most experiments there was also a reduced effluent volume compared with the controls. Analyses of 174 Natuferm silages and 73 formic acid silages )om full scale (farm) silos revealed no signijcant differences in silage quality between the two additives. Natuferm silages with a dry matter content below 20 % were not signijcantly different )om silages with a dry matter content above 20 %.

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