The aim of this study was to investigate the response of osteogenic cell lineage and gingival fibroblastic cells to different surface treatments of grade IV commercially pure Titanium (cpTi) disks. Material and methods: Grade IV cpTi disks with different surfaces were produced: machined (M), sandblasting (B), sandblasting and acid subtraction (NP), and hydrophilic treatment (ACQ). Surface microtopography characteristics and chemical composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). Adhesion and proliferation of SC-EHAD (human surgically-created early healing alveolar defects) and HGF-1 (human gingival fibroblasts) on Ti disks were investigated at 24 and 48 h, and osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were evaluated by assessing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining, respectively. Results: No significant differences were found among the various surface treatments for all surface roughness parameters, except for skewness of the assessed profile (Rsk) favoring M (p = 0.035 ANOVA). M disks showed a slightly higher (p > 0.05; Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn) adhesion of HGF-1 (89.43 ± 9.13%) than SC-EHAD cells (57.11 ± 17.72%). ACQ showed a significantly higher percentage of SC-EHAD (100%) than HGF-1 (69.67 ± 13.97%) cells adhered at 24 h. SC-EHAD cells expressed increased ALP activity in osteogenic medium at M (213%) and NP (235.04%) surfaces, but higher mineralization activity on ACQ (54.94 ± 4.80%) at 14 days. Conclusion: These findings suggest that surface treatment influences the chemical composition and the adhesion and differentiation of osteogenic cells in vitro. Clinical relevance: Hydrophilic surface treatment of grade IV cpTi disks influences osteogenic cell adhesion and differentiation, which might enhance osseointegration.

Tissue removed from SC-EHAD is a possible source of progenitor cells.

Tokuhara por me ajudarem nos ensaios desta pesquisa, sem duvida este trabalho não estaria completo se não fosse pela ajuda e dedicação que elas mostraram. A Rafael Ferreira, obrigado por sempre se oferecer a me ajudar com tudo o que eu precisei, sempre vou lembrar de todo o que você fez por mim, me sinto grata por conhecer esse coração que todo mundo admira. Aos queridos funcionários e amigos do departamento da Periodontia, Marcos Antonio de Godoy, Marcela Maria Pereira, Cleide Vital, em especial a Ivania Aruda e Edilaine Torencilla, por sempre mostrar sua disponibilidade para me ajudar em qualquer coisa que precisava. Obrigada a todos. Aos queridos amigos e funcionários do CIP, em especial a Heliton Lima, obrigada pelo carinho, e por tornarem minhas horas de trabalho laboratoriais mais agradáveis. A meus amigos e companheiros do caminho, colegas de mestrado, estagio e doutorado, Lucas