SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to analyze the status of the American Tegumentary
Leishmaniasis (ATL) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, from 2004 to
2013, through its spatiotemporal distribution. We also described variables considered
relevant to the epidemiology of the disease, such as the clinical form, gender,
ethnic group, age group, and progression of disease. This is a descriptive study,
which used notified secondary data from the Brazilian Information System of
Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), Ministry of Health, Brazil, regarding confirmed
diagnoses. To help the calculation of coefficients of detection and mortality, we
used population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
We analyzed 1,470 cases of ATL with the predominance of the cutaneous clinical form
(1,292/87.89%). The data has also revealed seven deaths, a predominance of males
(922/62.72%), and a higher incidence of ATL in the white ethnic group (731/49.72%).
We observed a high incidence of ATL in the group of 20 - 39 years old (477/32.44%).
We concluded that there was a decrease in the number of ATL cases in the state of
Rio de Janeiro, based on a coefficient of detection of
1.44/100.000 inhabitants in 2004 decreasing to 0.20/100.000 inhabitants in 2013. The
localities with the highest occurrences of ATL were the metropolitan region (843
cases) and the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (740 cases). In 2005,
the highest incidence of the disease was observed (351 cases) in the study. Among the
variables selected to describe the epidemiology of the disease, the following
categories: cutaneous clinical form, male patients, white ethnic group, and the age
group of 20 - 39 years old were more affected than the others.
ABsTRACT.-Brum W.M., Da Costa Pereira M.A.V., Vita G.F., Ferreira I., Mello E.R., Aurnheimer R.C.M., Sanavria A. & Padua E.D. 2016 The study intended to analyze the population of migratory and resident wild bird species from Marambaia island, located in the municipality of Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro state, regarding the presence of microorganisms in blood smears during the year of 2009. In order to achieve the goal, 86 individuals of 22 bird species were captured using mist nets; peripheral blood was collected and blood smears performed. The birds were released after examined and sampled in situ. The diagnostic results were 11 (12.80%) birds positive for Plasmodium sp., one (1.16%) for microfilaria and 16 (18.60%) for Borrelia sp. Ticks identified as Amblyomma sp. (Ixodidae) were observed parasiting the sampled birds, suggesting that a relationship parasite-vector-host exists between these ticks and the Borrelia genus. This study should be expanded to other regions so that its results may favour other surveys, focused on conservation of wild birds in their habitat.
Foi realizada uma pesquisa objetivando-se verificar a eficácia do teste ELISA, para detecção de anticorpos contra Leishmania sp em cães, comparando-o com o RIFI, padrão em humanos, e investigar a situação sorológica desta zoonose na microrregião. Os testes tiveram uma concordância de 97,6%, classificada como forte.
No presente trabalho foram utilizados 54 bovinos, mestiços, portadores da papilomatose plana e/ou pedunculada, de ambos os sexos e com idade variando entre 1 e 7 anos. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos, com 18 bovinos cada. O Grupo 1 não recebeu nenhum tipo de tratamento (grupo controle). O Grupo 2 foi constituído pelos animais tratados homeopaticamente. O Grupo 3 foi constituído pelos animais que receberam tratamento fitoterápico. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os tratamentos homeopático e fitoterápico foram eficazes na cura da papilomatose cutânea bovina.
Resumo:O objetivo foi testar in vitro e in vivo a eficácia da planta medicinal Chenopodium ambrosioidesLinnaeus, 1786 (erva-de-santa-maria), nas formas fitoterápica e homeopática, como meios alternativos para o controle de endoparasitos de Coturnix japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1849 (codorna japonesa), um sério problema que afeta a criação e desempenho de aves domésticas, ocasionando morte quando muito intenso, retardo de crescimento, redução de índice de conversão alimentar e aumento na suscetibilidade às doenças infecciosas. As metodologias utilizadas foram preconizadas por Coles et al. (1992), creditada pela World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP). A pesquisa evidenciou a presença dos gêneros Ascaridiae Eimeria. O ensaio in vitro demonstrou alta taxa de redução na inibição de eclosão de ovos de Ascaridiasp. (100,00%) e significativa taxa de redução na destruição de oocistos de Eimeriasp. (47,06%). O ensaio in vivodemonstrou alta taxa de redução na contagem de ovos de Ascaridiasp. nas fezes (100,00%) e expressiva taxa de redução na contagem de oocistos de Eimeriasp. nas fezes (60,33%). Chenopodium ambrosioides mostrou em certos momentos superioridade frente ao produto tradicional (Thiabendazole/Mebendazole) e índices superiores aos preconizados pelo Ministério da Agricultura do Brasil e Organização Mundial da Saúde como indicativos de eficácia.
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