RESUMENEn el presente artículo se lleva a cabo un modelo de análisis de la incidencia de las características inherentes al trabajo sobre la satisfacción laboral. El contraste empírico tiene su origen en la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida en el Trabajo del año 2010 (Ministerio de Trabajo e Inmigración de España), siendo la metodología aplicada una regresión stepwise. Las variables independientes que se han considerado en el modelo de la satisfacción laboral fueron, por orden de inclusión y explicación : motivación, actividad, organización del trabajo, salario, jornada, valoración de los superiores, estabilidad, desarrollo personal, vacaciones y permisos y posibilidad de promoción. Se han obtenido como resultado todos los coeficientes de regresión positivos y significativos, siendo la bondad del modelo aceptable en la medida en que las variables independientes se derivan únicamente de características de la organización.PALABRAS CLAVE | Expectativas, motivación, organización, satisfacción laboral, rendimiento. Labour and Immigration, Spain), and the applied model is the stepwise regression. The independent variables which explain the labour satisfaction are by importance: motivation, activity, labour organization, wage, working day, boss valuation, stability, personal development, holidays and permissions, and promotion possibilities. Results show that all the regression coefficients are positive and significant and the goodness of the final model is satisfactory because the independent variables are referred only to the organization characteristics. RESUMO PALAVRAS-CHAVE | Expectativa, motivação, organização, satisfação no trabalho, desempenho. ABSTRACT This paper determines a model to analyze the effect of the job-related features on the labour satisfaction. The empirical contrast uses the Quality of Labour Life Survey corresponding to the year 2010 (Ministry of

We analyse the effect of innovation on technical progress in Spanish manufacturing firms by identifying and explaining how the following innovation factors affect technical progress: research and development (R&D) activities and expenditures, patents, innovations in products and in processes, internal organisation of innovation, outsourcing R&D activities, public R&D funding, external relationships of innovation and different ways of external collaboration for innovation. We focus on how firm behaviour and structure drive these innovation factors. Our results are based on multiple regression analyses using firm-level data from 2010. We show that innovations in product, processes and R&D activities (especially external R&D activities) are more likely to improve the productivity of Spanish manufacturing firms. In addition, the activities related to the internal organisation or the external collaboration for innovation generates a higher productivity level. This positive effect is bigger when a firm collaborates with universities and/or technology centres and employs recent college graduates, especially those with degrees in science, engineering or technology.

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ResumenObjeto: Obtendremos diferencias entre características inherentes al trabajo y de tipo personal, con el fin de valorar cuáles explican mejor la satisfacción laboral. El estudio se realiza en un año de crecimiento y dos de crisis económica con el fin de averiguar si la crisis altera los resultados anteriores. Diseño Aportaciones y resultados:Mediante modelos lineales obtenemos que las variables referidas al trabajo proporcionan mejores resultados para explicar la satisfacción laboral, y tras una regresión stepwise elaborada a partir de los factores de un análisis de componentes principales comprobamos que el salario es uno de los últimos factores en esta explicación. Las variables que -1192-

The economic crisis present in Spain since the year 2008 has come accompanied by increases in inequality and in the rates of poverty. The objective of this paper is to determine the most vulnerable social groups in terms of poverty in Spain. The empirical analysis uses the information of the Survey of Living Conditions from 2015, in order to explain poverty catalogued as severe poverty, moderate poverty and without risk of poverty for persons older than 16 years; the explanatory variables are of socio-demographic and labour types, and they represent different groups of the Spanish population. The study applies an ordinal logistic regression model to the data of the Survey of Living Conditions, which will allow us to estimate the probabilities that an over-16 individual is in a situation of moderate poverty, severe poverty, or with no risk of poverty for the different categories analysed. There are a few differences in poverty depending on gender; the categories most affected by the moderate and/or severe poverty are separated and divorced persons, foreigners not from the European Union, persons with low training levels, and those with a temporary contract. We must accept that in the situations of difficulty, there are some groups that, due to their economic conditions, are at a disadvantage to face adverse situations.