Introduction: Creatine is important in providing energy for the resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and in the deposition of intracellular energy, being present mainly in muscle fibers and in the brain. Supplementation with exogenous creatine can be used in neurodegenerative disorders that are related to bioenergetic deficits in the etiology and progression of the disease. Objective: Highlight the neuroprotective mechanisms of creatine supplementation in neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: In April 2021, a search was carried out on MEDLINE, with the descriptors: “Creatine” and “Neuroprotection”; and its variations, obtained in MeSH. Studies published in the last five years were included. Results: Of the 122 articles found, four were used in this work. They concluded that creatine supplementation contributes to brain bioenergetics by increasing phosphocreatine deposits, restoring mitochondrial functions and decreasing susceptibility to apoptosis. In addition, creatine intake shortly after the diagnosis of Huntington’s and Parkinson’s Diseases can be used as a complementary therapy, because improve performance in tasks of memory and intelligence. Finally, it buffers cellular concentrations of ATP, being a possible therapeutic strategy to delay or stop neurodegeneration diseases. Conclusion: Creatine promote important neuroprotective effect, but further studies on the subject are needed.

Introduction: Stroke was responsible for 139.4 million cases of global disability in 2019, many of which require rehabilitation. Telerehabilitation has emerged as a promising remote therapy aimed at improving the deficits resulting from stroke. Objective: To compare the benefits of telerehabilitation with the usual methods of rehabilitation in post-stroke patients. Methodology: In April 2021, a literature review including systematic reviews of studies in humans, available in full and published in the last 5 years was executed on MedLine using the descriptors “stroke”, “telerehabilitation” and their MeSH variations. Results: The first selected article revealed that post-stroke telerehabilitation resulted in less expenses and was associated with comparable improvements to the standard treatment group in the recovery of motor deficits, cortical dysfunction and depression. The second review concluded that telerehabilitation was equal to or greater than usual rehabilitation for improvements in daily living and psychological status and restoration of quality of life and motor performance. The third study found that telerehabilitation achieved similar results to face-to-face therapy and usual care on improving daily life. The fourth article reinforced the benefits of telerehabilitation on several outcomes, although current evidence is limited. Conclusion: Telerehabilitation can be an adequate alternative to the care of post-stroke patients, however, further studies are needed to establish the benefits it provides.

Background:Variations in genes codifying target structures in the nociceptive pathway can result in pain attenuation or increase.Objective:Investigate the genetic polymorphism influence in the individual pain threshold. Methods: Search on PubMed with the terms “genetic”, “pain” and its synonyms published in the last 10 years. Results:The subjective and individual mechanisms of pain aren’t completely understood, but genetic susceptibility is one of the hypothesis to explain these differences.The KCNK18 gene influences the synaptic transmission by producing potassium channel protein that equalizes resting membrane potential, calcineurin activated and inhibited by arachidonic acid. This gene was found more frequently in migraine individuals. The COMT gene increase the sensibility to pain by met-enkephalins reduction and/or catecholamine elevation. Its activity’s reduced in fibromyalgia patients. However, the OPRM1 gene, an opioid receptor, was found in individuals with a higher pain threshold.Furthermore, studies with human cell culture shows the analgesic role of the gene A118G, by its greater binding affinity for β-endorphin.It is associated with more effective endorphinergic endogenous pain inhibition. Conclusion:Researches indicates a striking participation of genetic polymorphism in pain mechanisms. The knowledge about genetic variables on pain perception can contribute to the development of individualized analgesic protocols and therapeutic strategies, accordantly to the patient genetic profile. This evolution becomes fundamental in a population that tend to the indiscriminate use of analgesics.

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, which has no cure and, also, effective therapies to prevent or slow the progression of AD remain elusive. Thus, it is necessary to find another way to treat this disease Objective: Investigate the impact of meditation on the cognitive function of patients with AD. Methods: In April 2021, a systematic review was carried out on MEDLINE using the descriptors: “Meditation” and “Alzheimer Disease” and their variations. Studies published in the last 10 years and in English were included. Results: Of the 40 articles found, four are part of this review. It was showed that meditation generates improvements in memory as it increases cerebral blood flow, stabilizes synapses and elevates important neurotransmitters. Aligned, it can improve sleep quality and retrospective memory function. Furthermore, daily practices help in neuropsychological conditions and generate beneficial changes in brain structure and function. Finally, it provokes changes in the brain network, such as the increased power of the theta band, involved in memory processes. Conclusion: The results imply a positive effect of meditation on patients with AD. However, further research is needed to confirm the validity of the results.

Background: Insomnia is a disorder characterized by difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep, affecting about 20% of the world population. As a consequence, this disorder brings a significant loss of quality of life for the affected individuals, triggering the questioning about its influence on cognitive performance. Objectives: To investigate the interference of insomnia on cognition. Methods: During April of 2021, a literature review was carried out in the PubMed database, using the descriptors “Insomnia” and “Cognition”, in addition to their respective variations in MeSH. We selected studies carried out in humans and published in the last five years. Results: A total of 317 articles were found, of which four were selected to produce this abstract. The studies showed a significant relationship between sleep restriction caused by insomnia and worsening cognitive activity. In this sense, the fragmentation of rest and the difficulty of reaching deeper stages of sleep altered the cognitive efficiency of the affected patients, causing impaired performance in aspects such as attention, memory, learning capacity, perception and ability to solve problems. Performance was assessed through subjective and objective tests - composed of patient reports and practical tests, respectively. Despite the negative relationship established, one of the studies reports that certain domains of cognition were preserved, such as psychomotor and verbal functions. Conclusions: Insomnia adversely affects individuals’ cognitive performance, resulting in losses in the patient’s life.