Background:Liver transplantation is the optimal method of treatment in patients with end-stage liver failure. Transplantation medicine has significantly progressed in the last time, but some psychology and psychosomatic problems still remain unsolved. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) in liver transplant is considered a useful measure of evolutionary process of the illness. Objective:The authors analyzed the evolution of HRQL in pre-transplant (waiting-list patients) and post-transplant (first year after liver transplant) periods of liver transplant Spanish patients. Methods:A prospective and longitudinal study was carried out among patients who received a liver transplant from a deceased donor. They were assessed in four phases: at the time of inclusion on the transplant waiting-list, and 3, 6, and 12 months after receiving the graft. We used a structured interview and SF-36 and Euroqol-5D (EQ-5D) Health Questionnaires. Results:The greater differences were found between pre-transplant and post-transplant stages with less well-being in the stage before the transplant. No significantly differences were observed when comparing the 3, 6 and 12 months from post-transplant stage. Conclusion:The HQRL of liver patients improved after the transplant, being appreciated a tendency to the stabilization from three months onwards. We suggest that the psychological intervention, in liver patients, should be conducted in waiting-list patients and in the first 3 months post-transplant, periods with a poor mental health (anxiety, depression, and stress by fear to the unknown thing) and a low adhesion to the treatment that can generate a smaller graft and/or patient survival.

One of the challenges of population aging is to ensure that there are enough trained professionals to meet the changing, specific needs of aging populations. The aim of this study was to describe the number, geographical distribution, and general characteristics of gerontological training programs offered by Latin American universities and to analyze their disciplinary content and the degree of similarity among programs. One hundred undergraduate and postgraduate programs with gerontological content were found to be offered by Latin American universities. Information on the institutional affiliation, academic level, management, length, and content of the programs was analyzed. Descriptive statistics were run and content analysis was performed on the programs' syllabuses to address the objectives of the study. Results show that despite being a relatively young region of the world, the majority of Latin American universities offer gerontological programs. However, the nature of this course offering seems to be quite diverse across countries. Moreover, the analysis of the programs' disciplinary content indicates that the program providers take a multidisciplinary approach to gerontology. The great diversity of programs and their multidisciplinary contents suggest a low degree of standardization of gerontological training in Latin America.

El envejecimiento es considerado el fenómeno demográfico más relevante del siglo XXI. Las Personas Mayores (PM) se han enfrentado a procesos de estigmatización y aislamiento extremo, debilitamiento de las redes de apoyo social, falta de ingresos económicos, discriminación en el acceso a los servicios de salud, a bienes y servicios. En el documento “Década del Envejecimiento Saludable”, la OMS señala que se espera que para el 2030 la cifra de personas de 60 años o más aumente en un 34%. Es necesario proponer estrategias y una herramienta es la educación. La pandemia visibilizó la importancia de aprender o mejorar el uso de las tecnologías para el acceso a la información, socializar y comunicarse en periodos de confinamiento para las PM. Ante esta realidad, se desarrolló un proyecto exploratorio a través de la metodología de estudio de caso, con el objetivo de identificar los factores que determinan la participación de las PM que son beneficiarias del programa Pensión Universal, en un programa educativo a través de la plataforma Moodle y el impacto que tiene en su bienestar. A partir del Modelo de Intervención Comunitaria Itinerante en Contextos Virtuales se realizó un mapeo de recursos para llevar a cabo las actividades de manera remota, a través de dispositivos móviles. El programa está conformado por 24 actividades. Los resultados muestran que el programa representa una oportunidad para la adquisición de aprendizajes y habilidades para el uso de las TIC, para la adquisición de información y conocimientos de otras áreas, pero fundamentalmente contribuye a la integración de este grupo a la sociedad.

ResumoO objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a influência de fatores associados ao fracasso escolar em disciplinas de alto índice de reprovação no ensino universitário, a partir de um enfoque multirreferencial que considerou os seguintes pontos: (I) fatores institucionais; (2) fatores sociais; (3) fatores individuais. A amostra esteve contituída por 438 alunos de cursos de licenciatura da FES Zaragoza, que freqüentavam as disciplinas de maior índice de reprovação da instituição. Os alunos submeteram-se a uma auto-avaliação quanto a fatores gerais associados à reprovação em nível universitário e a um inventário internacional de habilidades de estudo, e foi feita uma comparação diferencial entre o desempenho, em ambos, de alunos aprovados e reprovados. Os resultados permitiram detectar diferenças significativas, entre alunos aprovados e reprovados, em relação a indicadores específicos, entre os quais se destacam fatores do tipo emocional e aqueles associados à metodologia de ensino. Palavra-chave: ensino na universidade, fracasso escolar, habilidades de estudo. Multireferential analysis of the farture results in Mexican students at University SummaryThe aim of this research is to analyse the influency of some factors usually related to academic failure in college disciplines that present high failure scores. The analysis considers institutional factors, social factors and individual factors. The participants are 438 students, enrolled in disciplines of FES Zaragoza which present the higher failure scores. The students were assessed by a test about factors related to academic failure at college levei and an intemational inventory of study skills. By analysing specific indicators -those related to emotional factors and to instructional methodology -results show significant differences between failed and succeed students.

Se trata de una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio solidario con un grupo de personas mayores residentes de Tlaxcala, México. El objetivo fue promover que las personas mayores desarrollen o fortalezcan su conciencia ecológica y que esta acción impactase positivamente en sus hábitos de reciclaje y envejecimiento saludable. Se efectuó un diagnóstico, planeación, intervención, evaluación y seguimiento de la propuesta educativa. Como resultado, los participantes, además de mejorar sus prácticas de reciclaje, aumentar su conciencia ecológica y adoptar un estilo de vida saludable y sostenible, desarrollaron procesos de organización y participación activa.