Resumen-El principal objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar las causas específicas que dificultan la integración de la prevención en el Sector de la Construcción, que por sus singulares características se posiciona como uno de los sectores con mayor siniestralidad laboral y con importantes carencias desde el punto de vista preventivo. El estudio realizado se circunscribe en el ámbito geográfico de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha y se orienta al ámbito de las Pymes. El método de prospección elegido ha sido la encuesta, por ser un recurso utilizado en la Investigación Cualitativa de Procesos y porque facilita información real y específica de los indicadores objeto de estudio. Para afianzar la calidad de los resultados obtenidos y contrastar su validez, se ha trabajado también con la Técnica del Focus Group mediante la colaboración de expertos del Sector de la Construcción y de la Administración Pública. Los resultados de la investigación han puesto de manifiesto desajustes en el cumplimiento real de las obligaciones preventivas en el Sector de la Construcción importantes carencias en la integración de la prevención en las estructuras organizativas de las empresas.
Nowadays, one of the most significant technological challenges is the decreasing dependence of carbon-based fuels and the polluting emissions into the atmosphere. In pursuit of that objective, the Directive 2010/31/UE from the European Commission, provided that all new buildings must be low energy consumption, nearly zero-energy. This Directive is being transposed into national law through the modification of CTE, Technical Building Code and RITE, Regulation of Thermal Installations in Buildings, both are pending to publish along this year 2018. According to the data from both the European Commission recommendations about net primary energy consumption at kWh/(m2/year) and the Development Ministry communicated in the EECN Congress, celebrated last December 2017, the outer skin, solar protection and ventilation of new buildings going to reach a very high level of efficiency, so energy consumption by domestic hot water will become very important. This change in residential buildings energy consumption profile, requires a detailed study of this system. This work studies, statistically, the materials more used in domestic hot water distribution systems, thanks to the data from last years gathered by Spanish Professional Associations both new and refurbishment Works. In a first step of this study, it is concluded that the metallic materials use has been reduced considerably, but nowadays these materials are used about in 20% of building works, despite their worst thermal transmission coefficient. We also know that the material more used is Cross-Linked Polyethylene, however, there are important differences over all the Spanish regions.
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