Findings from this study can be extended to the other fiber-rich food processing byproducts, such as other fruit and vegetable pomace, cereal brans, and pulse hulls among other materials. This data will help the development of fiber-enriched extruded snacks that would have favorable consumer traits.

Determining the impacts of extrusion conditions on extrudate characteristics of whole beans flours is critical to find the suitable types of beans to use for making direct expanded products. Whole bean flours of four different bean types, faba, lima, pinto, and red kidney, were extruded. The influence of barrel temperature (120, 140, and 160°C), moisture content (17%, 21%, and 25%), and screw speed (150, 200, and 250 rpm) on process and product responses was studied with a corotating twin screw extruder. The barrel temperature, moisture content, screw speed, and variety of bean had significant influence on process and product responses, back pressure (MPa), torque (N·m), specific mechanical energy (kJ/kg), expansion ratio, water absorption index (g/g), and water solubility index (%) (P < 0.05). Faba bean extrudates had a significantly higher expansion ratio compared to other beans (lima, pinto, and red kidney beans) even though faba bean contained significantly higher protein and higher crude fiber contents (P < 0.05).Keywords: extrusion, faba bean, lima bean, pinto bean, red kidney bean Practical Application: The outputs of this research will be helpful to the food industry in the production of high nutrient-dense food products from whole beans by maintaining the expansion and texture of the products. The data should assist to choose the suitable types of whole bean flours and the optimum processing conditions for making direct expanded extruded products.

A wide range of fiber-rich food processing byproducts from various sources have been proposed as value-added ingredients for producing healthier food products. Characterizing their composition and physicochemical properties is crucial to understand their potential uses. Eight fiber-rich byproducts from different sources were fractionated into 2 different particle-size ranges. Different (P ࣘ 0.05) proximate composition and physicochemical properties (pasting properties, water-binding capacity, and oil-binding capacity) were exhibited by them. These properties enabled hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis to group the byproducts into 3 different clusters by functionality and from this, assigned ingredients in each cluster to a potential end-uses. Some end use examples include, as a source of fat, protein, sugar, and insoluble fiber; and for uses as a thickening agent, water-binder, emulsion-enhancer, and fat-binder.

This research was carried out to develop a functional ice cream product with natural colorant derived from an optimum set of roselle calyces extract and citric acid concentrations. Although citric acid can improve red color stability of rosella, its addition is limited due to the acidic and bitter aftertaste it imparts. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of roselle calyces extract and citric acid on physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptance of an ice cream. A central composite design consisting of two independent variables (roselle calyces extract and citric acid cocentrations) at five levels (-1.41421,-1, 0, +1, and + 1.41421) with 13 runs (formulations) was prepared to establish the optimum set of variables. Higher concentration of roselle calyces extract significantly increased the total anthocyanin c ontent and color acceptance, while decreased the ºHue and pH of the ice cream. Higher concentration of citric acid significantly increased the overrun and color acceptance, but decreased the viscosity, ºHue, pH, texture, taste acceptance, and overall acceptance of ice cream. The optimum scores of consumer sensory acceptance were met at 11.5% roselle calyces extract and 1.5% citric acid concentrations.