Técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e de geoprocessamento foram usadas com o objetivo de avaliar a dinâmica da cobertura vegetal, mais especificamente das classes Floresta Ombrófila Mista e Silvicultura, no Município de Jaquirana, Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul, entre os anos de 2002 e 2007. Os resultados revelaram significativo aumento da silvicultura em detrimento da cobertura florestal natural nesse curto espaço de tempo. A perda da mata natural pertencente à classe de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no município foi de 5.643,37 ha no espaço de cinco anos. No entanto, a silvicultura que ocupava 921,10 ha em 2002 passou a ocupar 4.814,37 em 2007. Foi observado também que extensas faixas ao longo das margens dos rios Antas, Tainhas e Camisas que permeiam a região estão ocupadas por plantações de Pinus sp.
This paper deals with the distribution of REE in rock, soil and plant in an area of monzonitic rocks from southernmost Brazil. The REE patterns in Schinus lensticifolius show a negative-Ce anomaly and a prominent tetrad effect, characterized as W-type that are not present in rock and soil samples. The REE patterns in the soils and rocks sampled are very similar and there is no fractionation of REE during the processes of soil formation. The W-type patterns are interpreted as indicating that REE were absorved by S. lentiscifolius as simple ions rather than as complex ions, or, alternatively, that the transport of REE in the plant metabolic processes was as free ions. The recognition of tetrads, either, M-or W-type patterns, is an additional tool for understanding the biogeochemistry of REE and can contribute to the study of monitoring processes of contaminated environment or to mineral prospecting.
Resumo A espécie vegetal Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke (Família Rhamnaceae) foi escolhida como meio de amostragem nas superfícies lateríticas da Mina Pitnga, região amazônica, com o objetivo de se estudar o comportamento biogeoquímico dos elementos Terras Raras (ETR) nos solos derivados de rochas graníticas e vulcânicas ocorrentes na área da mina. Os resultados mostraram que a espécie A. amazonicus concentra valores significativos de ETR, predominantemente quando ocorrente nos solos derivados de rochas vulcânicas e reflete o padrão herdado da rocha mãe. Além disso, variações no padrão biogeoquímico dos ETR, resultantes do fracionamento dos elementos da série, como o efeito tétrade, foram também detectadas.
During the middle of 60’s decade an intense investigation about of the beryllium geochemistry was developed, particularly by soviet researchers. After this period only rare studies were carry out. Currently, the economic value combined the possible danger that this element represents to environment have got a research toward a critical review of the geochemistry of this element. The purpose of this article is assemble the dispersed data relative to a beryllium behavior in geologic materials and evaluate its distribution in rocks, soil, water and plants. In addition, this paper comprises the chemistry, mineralogy and occurrence of beryllium in igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. As it is very important the speciations of Be in endogenous and exogenous processes are described. Some topics on possible impact in the environment and the importance of its biogeochemistry are emphasized. Also some analytical methods for Be are discussed.
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