The genus Passiflora L. consists of approximately 530 widely distributed species, including Passiflora edulis, which has drawn interest because of its commercial and agronomic value. Passiflora cincinnata is another important species owing to its long flowering period and resistance or tolerance to diseases and pests. In the present study, the meiotic segregation and pollen viability of an interspecific hybrid (P. edulis 9 P. cincinnata) and its parents were analyzed. The genomic contents were characterized using chromomycin A 3 (CMA 3)/4 0-6 0-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, fluorescent in situ hybridization with 5S/45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The results indicated the diploid chromosome number for the parents and interspecific hybrid was 2n = 18. We also observed regular meiosis, one pair of 5S rDNA sites, and two pairs of 45S rDNA sites that colocalized with two pairs of CMA 3 ? /DAPIbands. The GISH data revealed three distinct chromosomal groups in the hybrid. The genetic origins of the interspecific hybrid, and its relationship with its parents were also confirmed using ISSR markers.
Efeitos de óleos essenciais na germinação de sementes de Cereus jamacaru RES UMOO presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos de óleos de canela e manjericão na germinação e vigor de sementes C. jamacaru. Amostras de 200 sementes foram submetidas a tratamentos com quatro concentrações dos óleos de canela e manjericão (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0%), distribuídas em papel germitest com quatro repetições por tratamento, levadas para câmara de germinação a 25°C e fotoperíodo de oito horas por um período de cinco dias. Determinou-se a porcentagem de germinação, primeira contagem, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento e massa seca das plântulas. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. A germinação máxima e índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de mandacaru foram obtidos quando as sementes de mandacaru foram submetidas ao tratamento com óleo de canela na concentração de 0,5%, enquanto ocorreu redução na germinação a medida que em que se aumentou a concentração do óleo de manjericão. A concentração de 0,5% do óleo de canela proporcionou o maior comprimento das plântulas e, maior massa seca foi obtida na concentração de 0,5% para os dois óleos. Conclui-se que os óleos de canela e manjericão nas concentrações testadas aumentaram o índice de germinação e vigor de sementes de mandacaru.Palavras-chave: Mandacaru, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn., Ocimum minimum L., qualidade fisiológica de sementesThe effects of essential oils on the germination of Cereus jacamaru seeds AB S TR ACTThe present work aimed to identify the effects of essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Ocimum minimum on the germination of Cereus jamacaru seeds. Samples of 200 seeds were treated with four levels of C. zeylanicum and O. minimum oils at 0,0; 0,5; 1,0 and 2,0%, distributed on germitest paper, with four replications per treatment, and incubated in a germination chamber at 25°C with photoperiod of eight hours light and germination percent evaluated five days after planting. The germination percent, first counting, germination velocity index, and plantlets length and dry mass were determined. Experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 50 seeds each. Maximum germination and germination velocity index were obtained at level 0,5% with C. zeylanicum oil, while seeds germination decreased when O. minimum oil level increased. Concentration of 0,5% of C. zeylanicum oil expressed the higher length of plants and higher dry mass on level of 0,5% for both oils. Results concluded that C. zeylanicum and O. minimum oils in tested levels increased C. jamacaru seeds germination index and vigor of C. jacamaru seeds.
RESUMO. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os impactos causados pelo fogo sobre o estrato arbustivo-arbóreo de um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica, em Areia, Paraíba. Foram plotadas 40 parcelas de 100 m 2 em dois ambientes: floresta intacta (Ambiente I) e floresta queimada (Ambiente II). O presente levantamento incluiu indivíduos com diâmetro ao nível do solo (DNS) ≥ 3 cm, sendo a estrutura da vegetação avaliada por parâmetros convencionais. Calcularam-se, também, os índices de diversidade e de equabilidade, além da similaridade entre os ambientes. Foram amostrados 1.960 indivíduos, pertencentes a 22 famílias, 26 gêneros e 35 espécies. No Ambiente I, Protium heptaphyllum foi a espécie mais abundante e importante; no Ambiente II, sobressaíram-se os indivíduos mortos. O teste Kruskal-Wallis (H) analisou a diferença no número de perfilhos dos indivíduos entre os Ambientes, apontando diferença significativa entre estes. O índice de diversidade e a equabilidade no Ambiente I foram maiores que no atingido pelo incêndio; pelo índice de Jaccard, porém, verificou-se que continuam similares. Os resultados demonstraram que o incêndio parece não modificar a composição específica da sinúsia, mas afeta a estrutura da comunidade, além de aumentar significativamente o perfilhamento, indicando a morte da parte aérea de muitos indivíduos. Palavras-chave: incêndio florestal, perfilhamento, impactos ambientais, floresta serrana.ABSTRACT. Impacts of fire on the tree-shrub component in an ombrophilous forest fragment in Areia, Paraíba State. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of fire on the tree-shrub component in an ombrophilous forest fragment in Areia, state of Paraíba, Brazil. Forty parcels were plotted in two environments: intact forest (Environment I) and burned forest (Environment II). The vegetation structure was evaluated by conventional parameters, and the difference in the number of shoots of individuals between the environments was evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Also calculated were the index of diversity, equability and the similarity between the environments. We sampled 1,960 individuals, belonging to 22 families, 26 genera and 35 species. In Environment I, Protium heptaphyllum, Cupania oblongifolia and Brosimum guianense were the most important and abundant species, while the dead individuals were the majority in Environment II. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed there were significant differences between the intact and burned environments. The indices of diversity and the equability of Environment I were greater than those found in Environment II. Nevertheless, the two environments remain similar according to the Jaccard index. The results showed that fire does not appear to change the composition of species; however, it affected the structure of the community, and increased significantly the number of shoots, indicating the death of the canopy in several individuals.
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