The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress and inflammation, which affect neuronal function and survival. Nowadays, there is great interest in the development of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds extracted from natural products, as potential strategies to reduce the oxidative/inflammatory environment within the CNS and then preserve neuronal integrity and brain function. However, an important limitation of natural antioxidant formulations (mainly polyphenols) is their reduced in vivo bioavailability. The biological compatible delivery system containing polyphenols may serve as a novel compound for these antioxidant formulations. Accordingly, in the present study, we used liposomes as carriers for grape tannins, and we tested their ability to prevent neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation. Cultured catecholaminergic neurons (CAD) were used to establish the potential of lipid-encapsulated grape tannins (TLS) to prevent neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation following an oxidative insult. TLS rescued cell survival after H2O2 treatment (59.4 ± 8.8% vs. 90.4 ± 5.6% H2O2 vs. TLS+ H2O2; p < 0.05) and reduced intracellular ROS levels by ~38% (p < 0.05), despite displaying negligible antioxidant activity in solution. Additionally, TLS treatment dramatically reduced proinflammatory cytokines’ mRNA expression after H2O2 treatment (TNF-α: 400.3 ± 1.7 vs. 7.9 ± 1.9-fold; IL-1β: 423.4 ± 1.3 vs. 12.7 ± 2.6-fold; p < 0.05; H2O2 vs. TLS+ H2O2, respectively), without affecting pro/antioxidant biomarker expression, suggesting that liposomes efficiently delivered tannins inside neurons and promoted cell survival. In conclusion, we propose that lipid-encapsulated grape tannins could be an efficient tool to promote antioxidant/inflammatory cell defense.
El foco de esta investigación son los saberes docentes y su reapropiación en el contexto de la docencia universitaria, desvelando el sentido del trabajo de dos profesores en una Universidad Nacional de Argentina. Partiendo de los estudios que discuten los saberes docentes, destacando en ellos, los aportes de Tardif, Lessard y Lahaye (1991), Gauthier (1998), Shulman (1989), Therrien (1996), Saviani (1996), Selma Garrido Pimenta (1999) y, en el ámbito universitario los trabajos de Cunha (2007, 2014) y Tardif (2009), quienes en diálogo con la perspectiva de la ergología, abordamos a los saberes docentes en la universidad en el nivel micro de la actividad y en ella, al trabajo como lugar de producción de saberes y de circulación de valores que no son sólo valores económicos (SCHWARTZ; 2004a). Son utilizados los memoriales y la instrucción al sósia (doble) como instrumentos metodológicos para la construcción de narrativas sobre el trabajo de estos profesores, resaltando en el análisis de los dados empíricos, al trabajo como un espacio vivo y reconociendo a los sujetos de la docencia, no apenas como meros ejecutantes de tareas y/o funciones o cumpliendo normas, rescatando el trabajo colectivo como condición para las construcciones de los saberes docentes y colocando para el debate la re apropiciación de ellos por parte de estos sujetos.
Resumen: Actualmente, se ofrecen en la web numerosos recursos educativos sobre contenidos científicos. Estos recursos pueden ser utilizados por los docentes de Ciencias en las prácticas áulicas con diferentes propósitos. En este trabajo presentamos las opiniones de estudiantes universitarios, futuros docentes de Ciencias Naturales, sobre cuatro recursos educativos gratuitos referidos a la estructura atómica. Los resultados muestran sus opiniones acerca de los mismos y los propósitos con que los utilizarían en sus futuras clases. Palabras claves TIC; formación docente inicial; estructura atómica; evaluación Abstract Currently, there are numerous resources about scientific content on the Web. These resources can be used by teachers of science in the classroom practices for different purposes. In this paper we present the views of some students, future teachers of Natural Sciences, about four free educational resources relating to atomic structure. The results show the purposes for these resources in their future classes and their opinions about them.
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