ResumoNeste artigo analisam-se aspectos relativos às perspectivas e à participação de atores em processos suscitados pelos desafios do uso social e da conservação dos recursos naturais em áreas protegidas na Amazônia Brasileira. No âmbito de um processo de territorialização, observa-se, particularmente, a implantação de um projeto de alternativa econômica na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, Unidade de Conservação localizada no Estado do Amazonas. Como são percebidas e como e em que condições participam grupos sociais -populações tradicionais, pesquisadores e intervencionistas -informados na ideia de desenvolvimento sustentável, em um contexto de ambientalização, compõem aqui a questão, o desafio, remetendo tanto para a crença quanto para as reticências à promessa do Desenvolvimento. AbstractIn this article we analyze aspects related to perspectives and participation of actors in processes posed by challenges of social use and conservation of natural resources in protected areas in the Brazilian Amazon. Under a process of territorialization, there is particularly the implementation of an economic alternative project in Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, Conservation Unit located at Amazonas state. How they are perceived and how and under what conditions social groups participate -traditional people, researchers and interventionists -informed on the idea of sustainable development, in a context of environmental awareness, make the issue here, the challenge, referring both to the belief as to question the promise of development.
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