One of the measures adopted by the government of Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic has been the elimination of face-to-face classes in all universities, requiring that all teachers had to conduct their classes in an online mode. The objective of this article is to study how this adaptation among university teachers affected their job performance due to the technostress (objective and subjective) that they may have suffered. Based on the person-environment misfit theory (P-E fit theory), the sample consisted of 239 teachers from face-to-face and online universities in Spain who were asked to identify the type of technostress, feelings of technostress, and impact on job performance as a result of online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that teachers who suffered the most from the negative consequences of technology have been female teachers from face-to-face universities who are older, have more years of experience, and consequently, hold a higher position. Despite previous results none of the above variables have been significant in explaining the decline in job performance during confinement. It was also observed that although the effect on job performance was similar for online teachers as well as face-to-face teachers, the variables that explained this effect were different. For the online teachers, there was a misfit between the demands and resources, which are explained based on the previous theory (P-E fit theory). Teachers from face-to-face universities pointed to the lack of instructions from their organization, along with subjective feelings of techno-inefficacy, as the reasons behind the decline in job performance during the lockdown period. Looking ahead to future research on the incorporation of information and communications technology in teaching work, it is necessary to consider variables associated with technostress, both objective and subjective, in order to increase the effectiveness of integrating emerging technology into teaching work.

El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cómo los estudiantes están viviendo la situación actual de docencia no presencial “impuesta” por la Covid-19. Los participantes son 593 estudiantes españoles, mayoritariamente mujeres (76,4%), de una edad media de 22,76 años (Dt = 6,541), que viven en ciudades grandes (86,1%) y estudian en la universidad (61,7%). La recogida de datos se ha realizado con un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc que se responde en una escala tipo Likert de cinco categorías. La fiabilidad es alta (? = 0,890) y los resultados indican que la mayoría del alumnado cuenta con móvil, ordenador portátil o Tablet, con acceso a internet; pero el 14,8% reconocen no tener los recursos necesarios para afrontar la situación actual. Un 40,6% se ha desplazado para vivir el confinamiento en otro lugar (vivienda familiar, segunda residencia, etc.) y un 24,3% está en una localidad de menos de 100.000 habitantes, dato que se asocia con el hecho de que ahora cuenten con menos recursos. El alumnado de mayor edad considera que posee habilidades tecnológicas insuficientes, dificultades para implementar con eficacia las indicaciones del centro educativo y dificultad para ponerse al día ante los cambios constantes de las TIC.

The increasingly widespread use of technology has led to the emergence of phenomena harmful to users such as technostress. Although technostress has already been studied in other contexts, it is still pending study in a university education environment, where the use of information and communication technologies is increasingly widespread. Thus, the objective of this study was to adapt a technostress questionnaire for Spanish university students based on an instrument that had been designed in a Chinese university teaching population. A total of 1,744 Spanish university students from faceto-face and online universities completed the adapted Spanish technostress scale. Factorial analyses suggested the elimination of two items from the original scale and a model made up of five factors that fit, as in the original scale, within the personenvironment misfit theory. The reduced scale also showed good internal consistency for all the items and the five resulting factors. These results support the psychometric properties of the reduced technostress scale in university students, and their validity when offering a complete view of the phenomenon in Spain.

Resumen. En un momento de cambios como el que estamos viviendo, las Universidades deben de tener en consideración las nuevas formas de enseñar y aprender, para que los futuros profesionales adquieran las competencias necesarias para desenvolverse en un mercado laboral en continua transformación. Las competencias técnicas se quedan cortas a la hora de formar futuros docentes que precisan de otro tipo de competencias, genéricas y transversales, que les proyecten de forma más eficaz en los escenarios de trabajo que le son propios. Con nuestra investigación aportamos información acerca de las competencias que los estudiantes de la asignatura que cursaron la asignatura "Practicum I" perciben que adquieren tanto en la Facultad como en el Centro de prácticas. Ello nos da la información necesaria para intervenir sobre los programas formativos, adelantando posibles vías de solución o cambio en aquellos aspectos que puedan manifestarse como prioritarios: contenidos, competencias, estructura, duración, metodologías de aprendizaje, etc. Otro aspecto analizado es la contribución de las diferentes asignaturas del currículum a la formación de competencias de los futuros docentes. Conocer cómo se percibe la enseñanza teórica y su aportación al desempeño real en la práctica, consideramos que es una información fundamental para conseguir profesionales competentes. Esta aportación, forma parte de una investigación más amplia que engloba a todos los estudiantes de las asignaturas "Practicum I", "Practicum II" y "Practicum III" de las titulaciones de Grado en Educación Infantil y Primaria, a lo largo de tres años académicos. En este artículo presentamos los resultados relativos al Practicum I en esos años consecutivos, pudiendo observar cómo hay diferencias significativas en cuanto al curso de referencia y a la titulación, a la hora de hablar de las competencias adquiridas en ambos escenarios: Facultad y Centro de prácticas. Palabras clave: Competencias; formación del profesorado; relación teoría práctica; universidad; centro de prácticas[en] Training scenarios and professional competencies in initial teacher training Abstract. In a time of change such as the one we are experiencing, universities must take into account the new ways of teaching and learning, so that future professionals can acquire the skills needed to function in a constantly changing labor market. Technical skills fall short when it comes to training future teachers, since they require other skills, both generic and transversal, which project them more effectively onto their own work settings. By means of our research we provide information about the perceived skills that the students who completed the course "Practicum I" acquire both at the Faculty and at the training centers. This gives us the necessary information to act on training programs, advancing possible solutions or changes in those aspects that can arise as priorities: content, skills, structure, duration, learning methodologies, etc.

No abstract