Psilocybin, a substance mainly found in mushrooms of the genus psilocybe, has been historically used for ritualistic, recreational and, more recently, medicinal purposes. The scientific literature suggests low toxicity, low risk of addiction, overdose, or other causes of injury commonly caused by substances of abuse, with growing interest in the use of this substance for conditions such as treatment-resistant depression. However, the presence of negative outcomes linked to psilocybin use is not clear yet. The objective of this study is to investigate the negative effects of psilocybin consumption, according to the users' own perception through self-reports extracted from an online platform. 346 reports were analyzed with the assistance of the IRAMUTEQ textual analysis software, adopting the procedures of Descending Hierarchical Classification, Correspondence Factor Analysis and Specificities Analysis. The text segments were grouped in 4 main clusters, describing thinking distortions, emergencies, perceptual alterations and the administration of the substance. Bad trips were more frequent in female users, being associated with thinking distortions. The use of multiple doses of psilocybin in the same session or its combination with other substances was linked to the occurrence of long-term negative outcomes, while the use of mushrooms in single high doses was linked to medical emergencies. These results can be useful for a better understanding of the effects of psilocybin use, guiding harm-reduction initiatives.
This research had as objectives: to identify the chronotypes of nurses on different shifts, to study the sleep patterns and to identify the levels of anxiety trace-state, correlating the chronotypes with the variables trace-anxiety and state-anxiety. It was conducted at the Clinics Hospital of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), with 40 subjects. The preponderant chronotype of the morning shift nurses was the morning moderate and the ones from the afternoon and night shifts were the indifferent type. Regarding to the sleep patterns, the morning shift nurses sleep less, wake up earlier with help of the alarm clock in relation to the other shifts. As for the levels of trace-state anxiety, they were located in the levels I (low) and II (moderate) of trace-state anxiety. This study allowed us to conclude that the nurses are satisfied and motivated with the work conditions of the institution.
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