This paper presents research results on a prosthesis for human hand, focused on the need to be light weight and user friendly, with relatively low costs and enabling people have almost normal life. The idea to have a customized hand prosthesis, whose dimensios and aspect look as much as possible to that of the real hand pointed to the reverse engineering technique. The authors’ concept of prosthesis for hand is that of three phalanges finger and, mainly, two rotational motions for each of the fingers. Considering the 3D model of the hand prosthesis, with phalanges lengths and joints, there has been done kinematic analysis so that trajectories of fingers were determined and plotted. For the research presentd by this paper, are evidenced the 3D models and stages of rapid prototyping fused deposition models (FDM) of the index finger phalanges. Motion control has been modelled using fuzzy logic. The studied motion is that of getting closer to an object in order to take / grip it. Further development of the research will be focused on: all mechanical components detailed design; complete desgin of the command and control system for the mechatronic parts; prototyping; test and validation of the prosthesis prototype.

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This paper presents aspects of the concept and design of prostheses for the upper limb. The objective of this research is that of prototyping a customized prosthesis, with EMG signals that initiate the motion. The prosthesis’ fingers’ motions (as well as that of its hand and forearm parts) are driven by micro-motors, and assisted by the individualized command and control system. The software and hardware tandem concept of this mechatronic system enables complex motion (in the horizontal and vertical plane) with accurate trajectory and different set rules (gripping pressure, object temperature, acceleration towards the object). One important idea is regarding customization via reverse engineering techniques. Due to this, the dimensions and appearance (geometric characteristics) of the prosthesis would look like the human hand itself. The trajectories and motions of the fingers, thumbs, and joints have been studied by kinematic analysis with the matrix–vector method aided by Matlab. The concept and design of the mechanical parts allow for complex finger motion—rotational motion in two planes. The command and control system is embedded, and data received from the sensors are processed by a micro-controller for managing micro-motor control. Preliminary testing of the sensors and micro-motors on a small platform, Arduino, was performed. Prototyping of the mechanical components has been a challenge because of the high accuracy needed for the geometric precision of the parts. Several techniques of rapid prototyping were considered, but only DLP (digital light processing) proved to be the right one.

Abstract. The risk in the organization activity as an economic and social system open, adaptive, with varying degrees of permeability to the influences from the current business environment, which is increasingly unpredictable and in which the only constant is the change, refers to the probability of not complying with the objectives set in terms of performance, execution and cost. The insufficient application of the recognized project management methodologies can be one of the main causes of projects failures in the organization with major influences on the activity efficiency and the performance recorded. Therefore, the methodology proposed in the paper, wants to be an effective tool, a formalized risk management tool, considered as a cyclical process, with several distinct phases, indispensable to the current organizational practice which should contribute to optimizing the project performance and its successful completion.

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