RESUMENLa presente investigación buscó verificar el efecto en la percepción de violencia escolar tras la implementación de un proyecto de mediación de conflictos. Se llevó a cabo el entrenamiento de mediadores escolares mediante b-learning y el desarrollo de jornadas de mediación escolar de pares. Se desarrolla un cuasi-experimento, donde se compara la intervención de mediación del grupo beneficiado (54 participantes), con una segunda intervención mediante talleres lúdico-pedagógicos sobre resolución de conflictos (57 participantes), así como con un grupo control donde no se realizó intervención (53 participantes); todos los participantes pertenecen al nivel de educación secundaria de una institución educativa de Valledupar, Colombia. La prueba estadística t de Student para muestras relacionadas demuestra una reducción significativa de la percepción de violencia escolar solamente en el grupo donde se desarrolló el proceso de mediación escolar; así mismo, se encontró que la mediación tuvo efectos diferenciales en las dimensiones de violencia verbal entre pares, violencia física y amenaza, exclusión social y disrupción en el aula. Se discute sobre la pertinencia de la implementación masiva de la mediación de conflictos en escenarios escolares locales, dada la propensión a la violencia escolar relacionada con violencia social y estructural, así como la necesidad de evaluar objetivamente los resultados de este tipo de intervenciones, aspectos que son clave en la orientación educativa para la construcción de paz y ciudadanía.ABSTRACTThe present study purported to verify the effect on the perception of school violence after the implementation of a conflict mediation project. The training of school mediators was carried out through b-learning and the development of peer mediation sessions. A quasi-experiment was developed, comparing the mediation intervention of the group benefited (54 participants), with a second intervention through playful-pedagogical workshops about conflict resolution (57 participants), as well as with a control group where no intervention was performed (53 participants); all the participants belong to secondary school of an educational institution of Valledupar, Colombia. Student’s t-test for related samples demonstrates a significant reduction in the perception of school violence only in the group where the school mediation process was developed. Likewise, it was found that mediation had differential effects on the dimensions of verbal violence between peers, physical violence and threat, social exclusion and disruption in the classroom. The relevance of the massive implementation of conflict mediation in local school scenarios is discussed, given the propensity to school violence related to social and structural violence, as well as the need to objectively evaluate the results of this type of intervention, aspects that are key in school counseling for the construction of peace and citizenship.
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