The incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing every year. The ICD-10 does not have the diagnosis of “metabolic syndrome” and it has been coded on the basis of the diseases despite its wide prevalence now. These are multifactorial diseases, the pathogenesis of which is intertwined and mutually aggravate their courses. There are both external and internal reasons of forming the stones in the biliary tract. Genetic factors play a significant role in the internal causes of cholelithiasis. The genetic characteristics of the patient allow to work out a personalized approach. It increases the success of drug therapy. MS is one of the main predisposing factors for the development of cholelithiasis. It also leads to more severe course of the latter. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the patologies developments are considered in the article presented with the special attention paid to the genetic component of cholelithiasis.

В данной работе представлены результаты исследования трансграничных кольцевых физико-геогра-фических структур восточного стыка границ России, Монголии и Китая, напоминающих собой амфитеатр с центробежным увеличением высот от Улдза-Торейской равнины, на котором и расположен стык трёхгра-ничья; и описывающуюся радиальной моделью. Составной частью данной модели являются лучевые и дуго-вые элементы, которые делятся тремя границами на сектора. В дополнение к радиальности, обусловленной высотой местности, наблюдается ортогональность, выраженная в преобладающей направленности с юго-за-пада на северо-восток протяжённости горных хребтов. Выявленная в представленной работе дополнитель-ность двух моделей выражает физико-географическую матрицу, детерминирующую, например, не только современную транспортно-расселенческую структуризацию, но и будущую туристско-рекреационную про-странственную трансграничную организацию. Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, е-mail: mars.novik@mail.ruIn this paper, we present the results of an investigation of the transboundary ring physico-geographical structures of the eastern junction of the borders of Russia, Mongolia and China, resembling an amphitheater with a centrifugal increase in elevations from the Uldza-Torei plain, on which the three-bounded junction is located; And described by a radial model. Part of this model are ray and arc elements, which are divided into three sectors by sectors. In addition to the radiality due to the height of the terrain, orthogonality is observed, expressed in the predominant direction from the southwest to the northeast of the extent of the mountain ranges. The complementarity of the two models revealed in the presented work expresses the physico-geographical matrix, determining, for example, not only modern transport and settlement structure, but also the future tourist-recreational spatial crossborder organization.

The article’s authors have defined their goal of not just explaining the general architecture of the geographical education, but indicating the principles of its reorganization at the intra-stage and inter-stage levels, when using the world-view formulas.~The dialectics serves as a research method. Its laws are working in the form of the world-view formulas and the world-view guidelines. Problems of training the geographical perception start at the inter-thematic level, when a factor of time between the geographical analysis of the sectorial part and the geographical synthesis of the district part is involved. A loss of the synthesis forms in the geography’s school course leads to the fact that the students cease to perceive the “sectorial geography – district geography” opposition, which makes it impossible to realize the interaction between them under the principle “sectorial analysis – regional synthesis”; a rupture of the geographical education’s integrity, and, on the whole, to a loss of the meaning of the geographical dichotomy’s formula. For the efficient convergence of the university educational programs “Principles of personal and social safety” and “Geographical Education”, the geosecuretology conception was developed into the “Principles of personal and social safety and Geography” program.