Stunting is one of the public health problems that has yet to be solved in Indonesia. This study developed synbiotic fermented milk with iron and zinc fortification that was then tested in a clinical setting. The product was made from skimmed milk and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum. A sample of 94 stunted children under five years old were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received double-fortified synbiotic milk, while the control group drank non-fortified milk. After three months, the number of normal children in both groups, according to weight- or height-for-age z-score category, was found to be increasing. However, the difference between the two groups was not significant (p > 0.05). The study suggests that fermented milk may have a good effect on child growth. Further research is needed to deepen the potency of synbiotic fermented milk for stunted children.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the preference and acceptance of white rice substitution with brown and black rice among young adults in Indonesia to prevent diabetes. Methods This study used a qualitative design. Rice preference deeply explored using focus group discussion as a case-study. 85 informants with an average of ages 20 years old were divided into several groups. Several topics to discuss include the reasons to accept or reject brown and black rice, knowledge, attitude, motivation, and potency to substitute white rice. Results Price was the main barrier to substitute white rice to brown and black rice. The participants have known brown rice from parents, mass media, and friends. Most of them were still unfamiliar with black rice. Culture also affected the preferences of the participants. To motivate people to change their white rice diet, creative packaging and segmentation of the sale were recommended. Conclusion Substituting white to brown and black rice is still a challenge for young adults in Indonesia. Several barriers such as culture, accessibility, and affordability need to be considered. Further efforts are important to manage a program to increase brown and black rice consumption.

School is a strategic place to form nutrition behaviors of the students, for example, is by initiating Sekolah Sadar Gizi (Nutrition Awareness School). The first step to initiate Sekolah Sadar Gizi is collecting the nutrition situation data of the students. Nutrition education and nutritional status assessment are examples of how the data can be collected. This is a community services program aimed to provide the nutrition situation of the students and to educate the students to initiate Sekolah Sadar Gizi. The activities were conducted in August – October 2017 at Muhammadiyah 3 Junior High School. There were 2 main activities, nutritional status assessment, and nutrition education. The results show that over-nutritional and under-nutritional problem happened in all classes, either class 7, 8, or 9. The highest number of stunted and obese children is in class 8 which was around 7% and 15%. Meanwhile, the number of wasted children was around 5% and obese children were around 20%. From nutrition education which followed by Palang Merah Remaja of the school, the score of 60% of the participants was increasing. Considering the burden of nutritional problems in the school, initiation of Sekolah Sadar Gizi is highly recommended.

This study aimed to determine validity and reliability of the new developed Stunting Early Detection Kit (SEDEK). This study was a cross-sectional study. A total sample of 30 children under two years from a Posyandu in Seyegan, Yogyakarta, was involved in the study. Every child was measured using SEDEK and infantometer-WHO Length for Age Growth Chart as the gold standard to find out its validity. Validity was determined by sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. Reliability in this study was measured by intra-rater reliability, by comparing the first measurement and the second measurement from a rater using SEDEK. The intra-rater reliability determined using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The results showed no significant difference between length measurements using SEDEK and the gold standards (p>0.05). The SEDEK sensitivity was 80%, specificity 85%, positive predictive value 72.7%, negative predictive value 89.5%. SEDEK reliability is demonstrated by ICC of 0.781. However, this study suggest that the current SEDEK version has not met the required sensitivity and positive predictive value of more than 80% so that it can be used as a detection tool. Further research is needed to improve the quality of SEDEK so that the SEDEK improved version can be used at the community-based health facilities level.