Natural and technological disasters have the potential to severely undermine the capacity of States to comply with their human rights obligations. Among the most vital rights of disaster victims are the rights to food and water, encapsulated in the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In this article, the scope of State obligations under international human rights law to secure sufficient amounts of adequate food and water in disaster settings is explored. After assessing if and to what extent the exercise of such rights can be restricted in the wake of a major disaster, the focus of the analysis shifts to the core content of State obligations, which are explored in the light of commonly accepted humanitarian standards. Lastly, the relationship between the obligation to ensure access to a minimum essential amount of food and water and the non-derogable right to life is examined.
Apesar do grande esforço da comunidade internacional, a falta de segurança alimentar persiste e piorou nos últimos anos. Entre os múltiplos elementos que podem afetar a segurança alimentar, o comércio na agricultura desempenha um papel significativo em termos positivos e negativos. Considerando a segurança alimentar no sistema multilateral de comércio, uma das questões mais importantes é o próprio conceito de segurança alimentar adotado pelas partes negociadoras. Esse conceito corresponde à definição mais utilizada a nível internacional, ou seja, a definição da FAO? O fórum da Organização Mundial do Comércio apresentou uma noção clara e consistente de segurança alimentar? Este artigo discute o conceito de segurança alimentar proveniente do sistema legal da OMC, examinando as regras do Acordo sobre Agricultura relevante e levando em conta o atual processo de reforma.
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