BACKGROUND: There are more than 30 peanut cultivars registered in Brazil. However, there are no published data about the content of nutrients and antinutrients even in the most commercially important ones. Therefore, our objective was to characterize commercial peanut cultivars harvested in Brazil by determining proximate and fatty acid composition and content of selected minerals and phytates, saponins and condensed tannins. RESULTS: Significant variations were found among the cultivars for almost all studied nutrients, except Mg. Granoleico and IAC 505 were identified as high oleic. Results were compared with data from the Brazilian Food Composition Table (TACO) and, for this, percentage differences (D%) were calculated. Appreciable D% were found for proteins, lipids, ash, dietary fiber, almost all fatty acids (except 20:0) and almost all studied minerals (except zinc). Moreover, remarkable variations in content of antinutrients were observed. IAC Red Tatu had the highest content of saponins; IAC OL3 and IAC 886 had the highest amounts of phytates; and IAC 886 had the highest amounts of condensed tannins. CONCLUSION: Results confirm the relevance of differentiating cultivars in the market and in national food composition tables and databases. Furthermore, some of these cultivars may be indicated for new use trends.

ResumoA mandioca minimamente processada é uma alternativa para prolongar o período de comercialização das raízes, agregando de valor a matéria prima e atendendo as necessidades do consumidor que procura produtos de fácil preparo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade de mandioca minimamente processada submetida radiação gama. No processamento mínimo foram utilizadas raízes de mandioca (IAC-567-70) e, após o preparo foram acondicionadas em embalagens de poliestireno expandido e revestidas por filme plástico de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) sendo irradiadas nas doses 0,0 (controle), 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 KGy. Foi obtido ainda outro tratamento cujas, raízes foram acondicionadas em embalagem de nylon+ polietileno com aplicação de vácuo. As raízes acondicionadas de todos os tratamentos foram armazenadas sob refrigeração (5 ± 1 ºC) e avaliações realizadas aos 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 dias. As análises realizadas foram: acidez titulável, pH, firmeza, coloração, atividade da enzima polifenoloxidase, tempo de cocção e porcentagem de hidratação das raízes. As avaliações seguiram apenas até o 9º dia de armazenamento, pois após este período as raízes já apresentavam alterações fisiológicas e microbiológicas detectadas visualmente. Para acidez titulável, as raízes embaladas a vácuo obtiveram os menores valores, seguido do controle acondicionado em bandejas. Para os demais tratamentos observou-se aumento dos valores de acidez, tendo este comportamento influenciado nos valores de pH. Para os demais parâmetros avaliados não ocorreu diferença significativa entre tratamentos, mas foram observadas alterações com o armazenamento. A firmeza diminuiu com o armazenamento. Os valores de luminosidade e componente de cor amarela diminuíram com o armazenamento e os valores de cor b* (verde) aumentaram. A atividade da enzima polifenoloxidase foi máxima no dia de elaboração do produto e diminuiu com o armazenamento. O tempo de cozimento e porcentagem de hidratação diminuíram com o armazenamento das raízes. Palavras-chave: Manihot esculenta CRANTZ, polifenoloxidase, tempo de cocção, cor AbstractFresh cut cassava is an alternative to prolong roots commercialization period, adding value to the raw material and assisting the consumer's needs that seeks for products of easy preparation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of fresh cut cassava subjected to gamma radiation. For processing cassava roots (IAC -567-70) were used, after preparation were packed in expanded polystyrene (EPS) trays, covered by low density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic film, being subjected to gamma radiation in the doses 0 (control), 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 KGy. Another treatment was also carried out in which roots were vacuum packed in nylon + polyethylene. Packed roots of all treatments were stored under

ResumoAvaliou-se o efeito da atmosfera modificada ativa na qualidade de abóbora minimamente processada (MP). Os pedaços de abóbora foram acondicionados em embalagens plásticas e submetidos a aplicação de gases nas seguintes concentrações: 0,03% CO 2 e 21% O 2 (controle T1); 5% CO 2 e 4% O 2 (T2); 6% CO 2 e 4% O 2 (T3); 7% CO 2 e 4% O 2 (T4); 8% CO 2 e 4% O 2 (T5). No T6 foi feita aplicação de vácuo na embalagem. As embalagens contendo as abóboras MP foram armazenadas à temperatura de 5 o C e umidade relativa de 75% durante 12 dias. As análises realizadas foram perda de massa, acidez total (AT), pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), ratio, firmeza, cor, atividade antioxidante por DPPH e teor de carotenóides. A perda de massa foi gradual e baixa até o nono dia de armazenamento. Os valores de AT aumentaram ao longo do período experimental sendo superior para os T1 e T2. O aumento de SS durante o armazenamento das abóboras MP foi menor para os T3 e T4. A luminosidade se manteve durante o armazenamento sendo superior para o T5. Os componentes de cor vermelho e amarelo diminuíram ao longo do período experimental. A atividade antioxidante e teores de carotenóides diminuíram após o nono dia de armazenamento. A abóbora MP manteve sua qualidade até o 9º dia de armazenamento, com superioridade para os tratamentos T3 e T4 no que se refere aos valores de perda de massa, AT e teores de carotenóides. Palavras-chave: Curcubita máxima Duchesne, atividade antioxidante, carotenóides AbstractThe active modified atmosphere effect was evaluated in the quality of squash fresh-cut (MP).. The squash pieces were conditioned in plastic packings and submitted the gases application in the following concentrations: 0.03% CO 2 and 21% O 2 (controls T1); 5% CO 2 and 4% O 2 (T2); 6% CO 2 and 4% O 2 (T3); 7% CO 2 and 4% O 2 (T4); 8% CO 2 and 4% O 2 (T5). In T6 it was made vacuum application in the packing. The packings containing the squash were stored in to the temperature of 10 o C and relative humidity of 75% for 12 days. The evaluated analyses were weigth loss, total acidity (AT), pH, soluble solids (SS), ratio, firmness, color, antioxidant activity for DPPH and carotenoids content. The weigth loss was gradual and low until the ninth day of storage. The values of AT increased along the experimental period being superior for T1 and T2. The increase of SS during the storage of the freshcut squash went smaller for T3 and T4. The brightness stayed during the storage being superior for T5, already the color components red and yellow decreased along the experimental period. The antioxidant

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): proximate composition, fatty acids, antinutritional factors, minerals in cultivars produced in State of São Paulo Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most consumed oil in the world and Brazil has the potential to emerge as a major producer and exporter. Peanut different cultivars have been developed to improve the productivity, nutritional quality and shelf life of grain and its derivatives. The literature indicates difference in the chemical and nutritional composition of cultivars obtained by genetic improvement. This project aimed to identify peanut cultivars in production and its nutritional composition with a view to food, nutritional profile and government programs to boost consumption. The selected cultivars were Granoleico (Argentine origin), OL3 IAC, IAC 886, IAC 505 and IAC Red Tatu (developed in Brazil). Samples of five cultivars were collected in cooperatives of the main producing regions of São Paulo, in the cities of Tupa and Marilia, representatives of Alta Paulista region with light soils and Jaboticabal and Sertaozinho, corresponding to the region of Upper Mogiana with red soil. These five cultivars produced in the State of São Paulo, reaching 83% of cultivation area, which is responsible for 92% of production in Brazil. The samples were analyzed for chemical composition, the presence of anti-nutritional factors (phytic acid, tannins, saponins and activity of urease), minerals (iron, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and magnesium), fatty acid profile, total tocopherols and β-carotene. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance -ANOVA and application of the Tukey test for comparison of means. The observed results showed variations of 18% carbohydrate, 9.7% protein, 28% fiber and 8.2% lipids, with IAC 505 having the highest percentage of lipids and proteins. Mineral varied to 45% Fe, 40% Ca, 12% Mg, 39% for Mn, 41% to 30% for P and Zn. Differences were observed in anti-nutritional content, confirming if cultivars with saponins content (Red Tatu), phytic acid (IAC OL3), condensed tannins (IAC 886) and urease activity (IAC 886), higher than the others. The levels of total tocopherols and β-carotene were higher in cultivars Tatu Vermelho and Granoleico respectively. The quality viewpoint of the fatty acid profile, the IAC 505 is highlighted with the composition 42% monounsaturated fatty acids, 1.4% from polyunsaturated, saturated and 6% oleic reason / linoleic 26. Were elaborated comparison tables between the results obtained and the dietary intake recommendations to check the supply of nutrients. With the results, it can be concluded that the chemical and nutritional composition of developed cultivars may be affected by genetic improvement, but further studies should be conducted. There are varieties with higher nutritional quality to other supplying organic needs and are more interesting for consumption according to the nutritional purpose. These should be included in the incentive programs for agricultural production and encouraged consumptio...