The developments of three‐dimensional and bioactive supports are essential for bone tissue engineering. Therefore, this study reports the morphology and biological behavior of osteoblast cells grown on bioactive 3D scaffolds, obtained by electro‐spinning and based on poly(lactic acid), PLA, and Hydroxyapatite, HAp, composites (PLA/HAp), which were superficially treated with RGD. Likewise, the characterization of the obtained 3D scaffolds is presented and discussed. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain structures with porosities higher than 90% with interconnected channels, which favor cell adhesion and growth. Also, the biological performance evaluation of the scaffolds indicates that surface treatment with RGD was effective and has a synergistic effect along with HAp. The cell adhesion was also observed by SEM and the images show cells extended and adhered to the scaffold's fibers along with neighboring cells. Also, the HAp had an influence on cell proliferation, which showed the maximum values with 2.5 and 5.0% wt of HAp. Therefore, 3D PLA/HAp scaffolds, obtained by electrospinning, treated with RGD represent promising material for use in bone tissue engineering.

Cancer is a disease that affects the quality of life of the patients that are treated with Cisplatin (CDDP), which is needed for adjuvant therapy, however it leads to many secondary and adverse effects. In this study, we manufactured and characterized poly- (lactic acid) (PLA) non-woven fibers charged with Cisplatin (CDDP) by electrospinning technique to evaluate their cytotoxicity in in vitro assays on HeLa cells (Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line). PLA – CDDP solutions with increasing concentrations of CDDP (0.5, 1 and 2 % w/w) were used in a TL-01 electrospinning equipment with the same system parameters. We analyzed the chemical, thermal and morphological characteristics of PLA and PLA – CDDP fiber mats. Furthermore, hydrolytic degradation, haemolysis and toxicity in HeLa cells were evaluated. By adding the CDDP to the fibers, the degradation, glass transition and melting temperatures were modified; the 3 µm fiber diameter of pristine PLA fibers was decreased in half the size and the degradation time was extended over 5 months. However, the hemocompatibility of the material with and without CDDP was mantained, while cytotoxicity in HeLa cells increased in the three concentrations of fiber mats of PLA – CDDP compared to the intravenous drug at 24 h (P = ). We concluded that the fiber mats PLA – CDDP could be used for localized treatment in the adjuvant treatment when resection panels are expose after a surgical extirpation of solid tumors